MENOMONIE HIGH SOHCX)L 




Class ^' BAh ?) 



Bdok 



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fui:si;nti:i) by 






STOUT MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL 



A HANDBOOK 

FOR 

PLANNING AND PLANTING SMALL 
HOME GROUNDS 

WARREN H.^^MANNING 



WITH A LIST or NATIVE AND COMMONLY CULTIVATED 
PLANTS THAT ARE REPRESENTED IN THE COL. 
LECTION UPON THE STOUT MANUAL 
TRAINING SCHOOL GROUNDS 



PUBLISHED BY 

STOUT MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL 

Menomonie, Wis. 

I 899 



t^i 



h^ 



, Ms 



Copyright, 1S99, 
By Warren H. Manning. 

Gift from 
Mrs. Etta F. Winter 
6ept. 20 2932 



PRESS OF 
BOSTON 



PREFACE. 



THE Stout Manual Training School, a complete system 
of travelling libraries, a travelling art gallery, with 
the collection of plants referred to and described in this 
handbook, and the other educational influences grouped 
about the school and leading out from it, have all grown out 
of the desire of a citizen of Menomonie to benefit a region 
wherein he has lived and which has contributed to his suc- 
cessful business career. It is worthy of record, too, that the 
town wherein this school is located, its leading citizens, and 
especially its women, have heartily cooperated with their 
benefactor in the rebuilding of the school since its total 
destruction by fire in 1897, the women alone agreeing to 
raise the money required for grading the grounds. 

Menomonie, Wisconsin, is a city of about 7,000 inhabi- 
tants, on the Chicago & St. Paul line of the Chicago & 
Northwestern Railway systems. Also on a branch of the 
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. Its principal 
industries are the manufacture of lumber and brick. There 
are extensive deposits of clay also found near by, suitable 
for the manufacture of pottery and porcelain. 

A building on the High School grounds was erected and 
equipped by Mr. J. H. Stout, of The Knapp, Stout & Co. 



4 PKEFACE. 

Company, for a full year's manual training course for twenty 
boys, and for teaching sewing and cooking to girls. It was 
opened Nov. 1, 1890. After this experiment had made it 
clear that it was desirable to incorporate this work into the 
school courses, a new building, with a larger and much more 
extensive equipment, was constructed adjoining the High 
School. After the destruction of these buildings by fire in 
February, 1897, an additional block of land was secured and 
plans were made for a much larger brick and iron building, 
which was completed in 1898, and has been fully equipped 
by Mr. Stout with the best obtainable appliances, and a very 
ample provision made for future growth. 

The manual training is a complement of the public school 
work, the High School scholars have one exercise in it per 
day, the lower schools two per week, while the teaching in 
the kindergarten begins the manual training. 

It is intended that the collection of plants on the grounds 
and this handbook shall take their place as a part of the 
educational equipment, and that, in addition to the facilities 
offered by the plants for nature study, the pupils may gain 
knowledge of the arrangement, planting, propagating, and 
care of plants, and of the arrangement of their home grounds, 
that will help to make them better citizens. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 



NOW and then in a city, usually about the home of a 
humble workingman, and occasionally in the country, 
one sees a little front or back yard or a flower-garden patch 
so brimful and overflowing with a generous abundance of 
flowers and vines that flaunting weeds shrink modestly into 
the background. What oases of beauty such places are 
in the desert of monotonous and well-to-do commonplace 
grounds about them ! Here you recognize a labor of love ; 
that love of beauty born in every child which has not been 
repressed by a slavish adherence to the custom of the neigh- 
borhood. You know that the honest mechanic of the spade 
and hoe who builds all his work to one pattern has not been 
consulted but compelled to do the bidding of the presiding 
genius of the home, who by simply trying has learned that 
there is no mystery about the making of a garden, only good 
dirt, good seed, good plants, good attention. When the 
people learn this simple lesson, and make or direct the mak- 
ing of their own gardens and grounds, home life will not be 
confined to the four wooden walls of the house, with an occa- 
sional dress-up visit to the narrow piazza. 

This little handbook is to induce people to 
Plan. study and plan the arrangement of their home 

grounds, however small these may be, to make 
them in pleasant weather as livable and attractive, as free 
from the gaze of the inquisitive stranger or prying neighbor, 
as convenient and accessible, as are the rooms of the house, 
and attractive at all times to look upon. 

Another object is to show that by taking advantage of the 
native growth on the grounds, if such there be, by collecting 
and introducing native plants, by growing plants from seeds 
or cuttings, or by purchasing direct from the nurseries, per- 



b PLANNING AND PLANTING HO]ME GEOUNDS. 

sons may with little labor and expense clothe waste places 
with foliage and flowers, and surround the houses and lawns 
with luxuriant and varied groups of hardy flowering shrubs, 
vines, and herbs, arranged to form attractive screens where 
screens are desired, cover objectionable views, invite outdoor 
rest and recreation, and give restful and refreshing views 
from the windows of the house. 

Each person should study his grounds independently, con- 
sidering and executing first the simplest arrangement, and 
leading from this to a more complicated arrange- 
Subdivi- ment from year to year. Ordinarily the principal 
grounds. subdivisions of a small place would be, first, an 
entrance section or front lawn ; second, a living 
section or back lawn, and third, a service or working 
section. 

The first would be the lawn space between the front of the 
house and street which is so often made continuous by the 
removal of front and side fences. If front fences are main- 
tained, a border plantation may be made directly back of 
them to give the desired seclusion to the home 
Front lawn, grounds, and both front and back lawns may 
thus be thrown together. If fences are removed, 
then this semi-public front lawn should have nearly continu- 
ous groups of planting at the base of each house and from 
house to house, to screen persons on the piazzas and back 
lawns from the gaze of strangers in the street. Such plan- 
tations should not, however, break the continuity of this 
lawn area next to the street. 

The second would be the lawn area at the side and back 
of the house which will be enclosed by the groups of shrub- 
bery between it and the front lawn and the adjoining prop- 
erties. This area should be so conveniently 
Swn°^^^°^ arranged and so readily accessible from the liv- 
ing rooms of the house that it will be used as 
freely during pleasant weather as are the living rooms. It 
may be a simple open turf, framed in by the screening and 
border plantations, or it may be subdivided into a flower- 
garden, terrace, game courts, etc., as space and means will 
allow. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 7 

The third or working section, which should be screened 
from the other parts by vine-covered fences, hedges, or belts 
of shrubs, and entered from the street by an independent 

walk or road, would embrace the kitchen yard, 
Service and the kitchen garden, the laundry yard, and the 
yards!^^ stable and its yards, all so arranged as to be 

readily accessible from each other and from 
the kitchen and cellar. 

In locating and defining the outlines of plantations, defi- 
nite purposes should be had in view, such as the 
Purposes of screening of objectionable views, giving seclu- 
taUons^ ^^' sion, separating parts of the grounds, uniting 

buildings with grounds by a clothing of vines, 
and by planting about foundations, etc. Such plantations 
will usually be irregular belts and groups of large and small 

shrubs and occasional small trees, all selected 
Character of with regard to height, habit, and foliage at malu- 
tations^ ^^" ^'^^2/? and located to serve the particular purposes 

referred to. They should be arranged to leave 
the largest available central lawn space, in which there should 
be but few single specimens of shrubs and trees and no 
formal beds of flowers, it being best to confine such beds to 
a special flower-garden or to use flowers in broadenings on 
the edges of shrub borders. Usually the edges of borders 
next to the lawn will have an irregular outline, for the 
larger plants required in places to make a tall screen would 
need more room to spread than would the low varieties 
selected for other positions. 

Of course, to secure the best results thvC whole 
Preparation space to be occupied by plantations should be 
beds.^^ thoroughly manured and spaded up, for shrubs 

will not do well in grass. 
In the first selection of plants for such plantations, better 
effects at a less cost can be secured by using a few good 

kinds in considerable quantities rather than many 
^quired^^ kinds in smaller quantities. Later more variety 

can be added from season to season by introduc- 
ing herbs and other shrubs that will extend the flowering 
season. 



8 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

In planting, the plants should be placed so close together 
in beds (about one-half the distance of their ultimate spread) 
that the whole surface of the ground will be 
Distance covered SO densel}^ with foliage after one or two 
pfant.*° years' growth that all weeds and grass will be 
shaded out, after which little or no care will be 
required beyond an occasional mulching of manure in winter. 
It is not necessary to spade up the ground in such planta- 
tions every spring, or to keep a grass verge cut 
Care of at their edges, neither is it necessary to keep the 

borders. earth dug up about single trees and shrubs in the 
lawn after they are well established. The grass 
sbould be lawn mowed to the tips of the overhanging 
branches of the shrubs, then the grass cut from under these 
branches with a sickle, the ideal condition being 
Care of ^^ hsive the foliaoe of the shrubs meet the ffrass 

lawn edges. .,, • ^ ^ *. • fi u ^ 

With no intervenmg strip of bare ground. 

Do no trimming except to remove dead and chafing 

branches. If a shrub is found to be too large 
Trimming. ^OY its position do not cut it back, but move it 

and put a smaller growing one in its place. 
Make plantations of shrubs, even if you cannot prepare 
the ground thoroughly or give them frequent attention, for 

many of these will grow slowly even if neglected, 
pianSons. ^^^ enough pleasure will be derived from them 

to justify the slight cost and trouble of planting. 
In plantations tliat are to be allowed to run wild, it is best 
to depend chiefly upon native plants or to introduce only the 
most persistent, vigorous, and common foreign varieties. 
Not only is it advisable to plant even if the plantations are 
to run wild, but it is advisable to save existing growths, for 
it is a fact that plants having attractive habits, foliage, 
flowers, and fruit will and do grow naturally on all kinds of 

soil, poor or rich, wet or dry, sunny or shady, 
Value of and that these same plants can be made to 
pfants. grow under similar conditions without incurring a 

heavy expense in the preparation of ground. 
Readers should impress this most strongly on their minds. 
They must, however, at the same time, bear in mind that 



• PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 9 

results come more slowly in poor than in good soil, but that 
if one patiently and persistently follows nature's lead, good 
results will surely come. 

Never destroy a native tangle of plants without watching 
for a full year the habits, foliage, flow^ers, and fruit of every 
plant growing therein, for if this is done it will 
greserva- often be found that many are so attractive at one 
native season or another that they will be retained and 

growth. developed in beauty by the gradual removal of the 
less desirable kinds, for which other attractive plants may be 
substituted that will not interfere with the growth of the 
permanent plants. A more varied, effective, and interesting 
group can usually be obtained in this way with less trouble 
and expense than when the original growth is destroyed, the 
grounds laboriously prepared, and then planted with expen- 
sive young nursery plants. In your enthusiasm over the 
new beauties of nature that will come to you for the seeking, 
do not overlook the beauty of a fine garden, a fine lawn, and 
the best garden and lawn plants, but remember that to be 
successful with these the grounds must be thoroughly pre- 
pared and well cared for. By all means have the lawn and 
the lawn plants, but do not fail to take full advan- 
Special soils tage of any native growth, or a ledge, a gravelly 
t£nl"'^^" knoll, a densely shaded, a moist, or a boggy 
piece of land, to establish upon them the plants 
that ai-e adapted to such localities. 

In your first, as well as in your later, plantations, do not 
forget the value of annuals, from which you can get a maxi- 
mum of foliage and flowers at a minimum cost. They can- 
not, however, wholly take the place of hardy 
Annuals. plants, for they must be renewed yearly, are not 
effective until midsummer, and are mostly killed 
by the first frost. 

The accompanying list is made up of native trees, shrubs, 
and herbs that grow readily from seed or are easily trans- 
planted and that have sufficiently attractive foli- 
Piantiist. age, flowers, or fruit to justify their use in arti- 
ficial plantations or their retention if found 
growing upon public or private grounds. It includes also 



10 PLANNING AND PLANTING HO:iIE GROUNDS. 

exotic plauts that are commonly cultivated in the gardens of 
Minnesota, with the addition of a few less common, but 
readily obtainable varieties known to be hardy in the State. 
All of these plants have been or are to be planted upon the 
grounds of the Stout School, or may be commonly found 
growing on the streets of Menoraonie, in private grounds 
near the streets, or wild within a short distance of the town. 
This list and collection is provided to give the students of 
the Stout Schools and all citizens or visitors to Menomonie 
who are at all interested in plants an opportunity to determine 
the names and habits of varieties that are adapted to the 
varying conditions of soil or exposure upon their home 
grounds or upon public grounds. 

The descriptive terms used have the following meaning : 
Trees are woody plants forming a smgle upright trunk ; 
shrubs are woody plants branching out from the 
terms^*^°^°^&^'^"^^^ ^^^^^ many trunks ; ftei'bs are plants that 
die to the ground every winter — they are either 
perennials, the roots of which live for years, or annuals, which 
die outright every winter ; climbers mount supports by twin- 
ing about them or by the aid of thorns, tendrils, or clinging 
rootlets ; creepers trail along the ground and usually form 
dense mats of foliage ; evergreens hold their foliage through- 
out the winter. All woody plants in the list not referred to 
as evergreens are deciduous^ that is, they drop their leaves in 
winter. 

Unless stated otherwise, all the plants in the list will grow 
in good soil in the open sun under ordinary conditions. 
Where they will also grow in poor soil, in wet 
expoaare. ^^^^' ^" ^^^^ mould, or in shade, this has been in- 
dicated. Where they will only grow successfully 
under special conditions, this is also indicated. 

The average height (the first figure) and width that woody 
plants growing to maturity will probably attain under ordi- 
nary conditions at Menomonie are given, but such 
maturity* plants when crowded or growing in shade will 
grow taller and narrower. The height of herbs 
is given at time of flowering. The flower stems of nearly all 
spring and summer flowering herbs die after perfecting seed, 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 11 

and are usually cut off so that the plaut is of a less height 
for the greater part of the season than that indicated. Fall- 
flowernig herbs continue to increase in height until the flower- 
ing period, and usually hold this height in good foliage until 
killed back by frost. 

The abbreviation fl. is used for flower, and fr. for fruit 
Flowers and I ^.""'^^ I'eferred to the flowers and fruit, and to 
fruit. tlieu- color and fragrance, only when these were 

of sufficient interest to attract attention. 
The periods of flowering and fruiting are indicated by the 
Date of foljowing abbreviations: e. early; m. middle; 
flxjwering. L Jate ; Sp. spring; Su. summer; F. fall; W. 
winter. 
In the list are representatives of nearly all the various 
types of accidental garden forms having a narrow, upright, 
or fastigiate habit of growth, and purple, golden^ 
Origin and or variegated leaves. Such forms originate from 
Sp^ecSiS'' «^edli°g or from bud " sports," which are ab- 
forms. normal growths that are perpetuated by cuttings 

or by grafts. Double-flowered forms usually 
result from high cultivation, which causes the stamens and 
pistils to develop into petals. Variations in the color and 
forms of flowers are usually brought about by selecting from 
year to year seeds from plants showing a tendency to vary in 
these directions or by hybridizing one variety with another. 
Procuring • I^\ \^^} method of procuring each plant is 
plants. ^ indicated by the following terms, the readiest 
method being stated first: 
The abbreviation " coll." means that plants can be col- 
lected from the fields and woods, or secured from parties 
who make the collection of native plants their 
nati??'""^ business. If native herbs are collected with a 
plants. , large sod of earth containing practically all the 
roots, they can be transplanted successfully at 
almost any season. Trees and shrubs can only be moved 
successfully when they are not in growth, deciduous plants 
when the leaves are off, evergreens when the growth is fully 
ripe. In collecting native plants, be sure to obtain, if possi- 
ble, specimens which are not crowded or much shaded by 



12 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

other plants, secure all the roots by beginning to dig well out- 
side of the tips of the branches, saving them all and pre- 
venting them from drying as the work progresses towards 
the trunk, and securing, if practicable, a ball of earth about 
them. Use great care at all times to prevent roots from dry- 
ing. It is best to take small plants of shrubs and trees, if 
these are to be collected. Do not attempt to move any 
large plants except under unusually favorable conditions. 
With the exception of rare species, native trees, shrubs, 
and herbs can be secured from collectors at an 
poi^^cted average cost of about $1.25 per doz., $5.00 per 
^ ^"^ ^" 100, or $20.00 per 1,000. If many varieties and 

large quantities are required, they can be secured at a lower 
price than this. 

Many varieties, especially herbs, can be grown quite as 
successfully and at less cost from the seed than if plants are 
secured by collecting from nurseries. Seeds of 
Growing many of the native plants, however, cannot be 
plants from ^.g^^j^iy obtained, therefore plants must be col- 
lected or purchased if they are desired. The 
seeds of such as can be secured, and of cultivated annuals 
and perennial herbs, are offered by seedsmen at from five to 
fifteen cents per packet. 

The abbreviation " ctgs." refers to plants that can be prop- 
agated readily from cuttings. The best methods of propa- 
gating different plants from seed, cuttings, layers, 
?ook?^°^ or by division are concisely stated in "The 
Nursery Book," by L. H. Bailey, published by 
the Rural Publishing Company, of New York, for 90 cents. 
Another book that every owner of a garden should possess is 
" The Horticulturist's Rule Book," by L. H. Bailey, published 
by the Macmillan Company, New York, at a cost of fl.OO. 

The abbreviation " nsy." is used to indicate that plants 
can be secured to the best advantage from the nursery, 
where they are grown in quantities from seeds and cuttings. 
If plants are ordered direct from the nurseries, 
piant?^ ordinary varieties can be secured for about $2.00 
per doz., and $12.00 per 100, and the respon- 
sibility for errors can be placed. Travelling agents must 
charge a higher price. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 13 

To determine the names of collectors of native 
Addresses plants, nurserymen and seedsmen consult the 
ofnursery- advertising pages of such publications as "Park 

and Cemetery," published at 334 Dearborn street, 
Chicago, 111. ; " Gardening," Monon Building, Chicago, III. ; 

and "American Gardening," Rhinelander Build- 
Horticuit- ing. New York, N.Y., one of which papers 
icf5s?'®^^°^' should be subscribed to by all persons interested 

in flowers. 
Much valuable information concerning the cultivation of 
plants can also be secured from the descriptive catalogues of 

nurserymen and seedsmen, which are usually 
catalogues, furnished free upon application, and the name of 

which can be secured from the advertising columns 
of the periodicals referred to. 

With these few sources of information, and with a liking 
for the work, every family should be able with but little 
expenditure of money or labor to make their home surround- 
ings very much more interesting and attractive than they are 
now. 



CLASSIFIED LIST FOR READY REFERENCE. 



[Those marked with a star (*) are evergreens.] 

Herbs that will grow with and are not readily crowded out 
by shrubs : 

641 
643 
644 



1 


270 


342 


362 


375 


431 


468 


602 


614 


14 


282 


349 


363 


412 


434 


474 


607 


632 


15 


286 


353 


364 


430 


459 


601 


608 


638 


35 


341 


354 


369 













Herbs that will grow in shade : 



14 


32 


51 


213 


273 


285 


286 


342 


468 


25 


45 


105 


249 













474 



Herbs for leaf-mould soil in shade : 



7 


45 


72 


583 


610 


628 


631 


633 


638 


11 


51 


73 


607 


611 


629 


632 


634 


641 


13 


57- 


448 


608 


617 


630 









643 
644 



Herbs that will grow in poor soil : 



26 


70 


160 


345 


431 


435 


443 


460 


473 


69 


88 


273 


364 













594 



Herbs for wet ground : 



6 


62 


92 


270 


375 


448 


467 


590 


613 


15 


70 


97 


273 


376 


457 


587 


612 


621 


24 


71 


174 


341 


385 


460 


588 




1 



643 
644 



15 



16 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 



Large shrubs, six to twelve feet high, spreading five to ten 
feet, suitable for the back and centre of screening plantations 
and shrub beds : 

426 
427 

477 
516 



Medium and small shrubs, one to five feet high, spreading 
three to five feet, suitable for the edges of screening planta- 
tions and for low shrub beds : 

518 

*578 
*579 
*582 



38 


116 


152 


212 


256 


298 


313 


326 


419 


39 


119 


155 


218 


266 


299 


314 


328 


420 


109 


145 


162 


219 


283 


300 


316 


395 


421 


110 


149 


167 


254 


292 


309 


317 


402 


422 


113 


150 


203 


255 


297 


310 









42 


185 


208 


225 


233 


261 


321 


392 


407 


*43 


191 


209 


228 


234 


262 


322 


394 


452 


89 


192 


210 


229 


235 


294 


332 


398 


456 


125 


204 


211 


230 


251 


301 


333 


403 


505 


154 


207 


221 


231 


260 


315 


334 







Shrubs that will grow in shade or light shade 



109 


125 


154 


225 


294 


313 


321 


332 


402 


113 


135 


191 


260 


297 


315 


322 


392 


407 


116 


142 


192 


261 


299 


316 


328 


395 


426 


119 


145 


218 


266 


310 


317 









427 

518 

*582 



Shrubs that will grow in poor or light soil : 



38 


125 


160 


185 


230 


299 


328 


392 


456 


89 


149 


162 


203 


266 


321 


332 


394 


505 


123 


150 

















518 



Shrubs for wet ground 



113 


192 


230 


292 


297 


309 


334 


*398 


403 


116 


228 


261 


294 


301 


313 


395 


402 


407 


191 


229 

















Climbing woody plants and herbs : 



1 


37 


130 


170 


174 


279 


324 


450 


464 


2 


107 


131 


172 


175 


289 


327 


451 


486 


3 


118 


153 















452 
516 



487 
599 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 17 



Creeping ground-covering plants : 

25 I 77 I 224 | 264 | 412 | 430 | 443 | 466 

Large trees, forty to seventy feet high, spreading twenty- 
five to sixty feet, suitable for street planting, but not for 
small lots : 

*570 

*571 

572 

573 



Small trees, fifteen to thirty feet high, spreading fifteen 
to thirty-five feet, suitable to plant for shade on small lots or 
in the centre of groups of shrubbery : 



101 


141 


481 


497 


513 


527 


538 


551 


*562 


134 


144 


485 


498 


520 


532 


547 


552 


*565 


138 


164 


493 


508 


523 


533 


549 


*559 


*566 


139 


186 


495 


509 


524 


534 


550 


*560 


*567 


140 


416 


496 


511 


526 


536 









123 
137 



142 
183 



195 
196 



199 I 203 ] 423 I 480 

200 291 476 510 



540 

548 



Thorny woody plants 



38 


109 


183 


221 


229 


231 


234 


260 


456 


39 


164 


199 


224 


230 


233 


235 


283 


476 


42 


167 


200 















*561 1*580 



477 
599 



Easily grown annuals 



31 
53 
63 



68 


107 


352 


374 


378 


444 


450 


453 


80 


175 


358 


377 


379 


449 


451 


465 



469 
479 



CATALOGUE. 



Abbreviations: /r. fruit; /.flower; e. early; m. middle ; /.late; 
Sp. Spring; Su. Summer; F. Fall; ir. Winter; coll. collected; nsy. 
nursery; ctg. cuttings; in. inches; ft. foot or feet. 

CROWFOOT FAMILY. 

Ranunculaceae. 

1. Virgin's Bower {Clematis vlrginiana) . — Native; 

climber 12 ft. ; wet soil, light shade ; fl. white, 1. 
Su. ; fr. white, 1. F. ; coll., seed, nsy. 

2. Japanese Clematis {Clematis paniculata). — Japan; 

climber 20 ft. ; fl. white, fragrant, e. F. ; fr. white, 
1. F. ; nsy., seed. 

3. Scarlet Clematis {Clematis coccinea). — S.W. U.S.; 

climber 10 ft. ; rich soil ; fl. scarlet, e. Su. ; nsy. 
4. 

5. Wild Pasque Flower {Ariemone patens nuttalina) . — 

Native ; herb 6 in. ; fl. light violet, e. Sp. 

6. Pennsylvania Anemone {Anemone pennsylvanica) . — 

Native ; herb 18 in. ; wet soil, light shade ; fl. white, 
1. Sp. and Su. ; coll. 

7. Wood Anemone {Anemoyie nemorosa). — Native; 

herb 6 in. ; leaf-mould soil, shade only ; fl. white, e. 
Sp. ; coll. 

8. 9. 

10. SHARr-LoBED Liver-Leaf {He.jmtlca acutiloba). — 

Native ; herb 6 in. ; leaf-mould soil, shade only ; 
fl. blue or white, e. Sp. ; coll. 

11. Liver-leaf {Hepatica triloba). — Native ; herb 6 in, ; 

leaf-mould soil, shade only ; fl. blue, e. Sp. ; coll. 
12. 

19 



20 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

13. Rue Anemone (Anemonella thalictroides) . — Native; 

herb 6 in. ; leaf- mould soil, shade only ; fl. white, e. 
Sp. ; coll. 

14. Early Meadow Rue (Thalictrum dioicum) . — Native ; 

herb 18 in. ; shade; fl. cream, e. Sp. ; coll. 

15. Tall Meadow Rue {Thalictrum polygamum), — 

Native ; herb 3 ft. ; wet soil, light shade ; fl. white, 
m. Su. ; coll. 

16. 17. 

18. Tall Buttercup {Ranunculus acris). — Europe ; herb 

2 ft. ; fl. 3'ellow, m. Sp. and e. Su. ; coll. 

19. Double Buttercup {Ranuncluus acris, Jl. pZ.) . — Gar- 

den form ; herb 18 in. ; fl. yellow, Sp. and e. Su. ; nsy. 

20. 21, 22, 23. 



24. Marsh Marigold (Caltha joalustris) . — Native; herb 

10 in. ; wet soil only, light shade ; fl. vellow, e. Sp. ; 
coll. 

25. Goldthread (Coptis trifoUa). — Native; evergreen 

creeper 2 in. ; leaf-mould soil, in shade only ; fl. 
white, m. Sp. 

26. Wild Columbine {Aquilegia canadensis). — Native; 

herb 18 in. ; dry rocky soil and ledges, light shade ; 
fl. red, e. Sp. ; seed, coll. 
27. 

28. Golden-spurred Columbine {Aquilegia clirysantha), 

— W. U.S. ; herb 2 ft. ; rich soil ; fl. yellow, 1. Sp. ; 
seed, nsy. 

29. Garden Columbine (Aquilegia vulgaris). — Europe; 

herb 2 ft. ; fl. in variety, single and double, shades 
of blue, rose, white, Sp. or e. Su. ; seed, nsy. 

30. Larkspur {Delpliinium formosum) . — Europe; herb 

4 ft. ; fl. in variety, single and double, shades of 
blue, purple, rose, white, e. Su. and e. F. ; seed, 
nsy. 

31. Annual Larkspur {Delphinium ajacis). — Europe; 

annual herb IJ ft. ; fl. blue, pink, or white, Su. ; 
seed. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 21 

32. Monkshood {Aco7iitum uncinatum) . — Europe; herb 

3 ft. ; light shade ; fl. blue, e. Su. ; tuberous root, 
very poisonous to eat ; nsy. 

33, 34. 

35. Old Red Peony (Pceonia officinalis). — Europe; herb 

2 ft. ; fl. crimson, e. Sp. ; nsy. 

36. Chinese Peony {Pceonia alhijlora). — Asia ; herb 2 ft. ; 

fl. in variety, shades of red, white, pale yellow, Sp. ; 
nsy. 

MOONSEED FAMILY. 

Menispermaceae . 

37. MooNSEED {Menispermum canadense) . — Native ; woody 

climber 5 ft. ; shade ; fr. black, F. ; coll. 

BARBERRY FAMILY. 

Berberidaceae. 

38. Common Barberry (Berberis vulgaris). — Europe; 

thorny shrub 6x5 ft.; poor soil; fl. yellow, fra- 
grant, e. Sp. ; fr. red, edible, 1. F. ande. W. ; nsy., 
seed. 

39. Purple Barberry {Berheris vulgaris purpurea). — A 

purple-leaved variety of the last ; nsy. 

40. 41. 

42. Thunberg's Barberry {Berheris thunhergii) . — Japan, 

thorny shrub 3 x3 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. scarlet ; 
1. F. and W. ; nsy., ctg., seed. 

43, 44. 

45. Mandrake {Podophyllum p>eltatum). — Native; herb 
18 in. ; leaf-mould soil, shade ; fl. white, m. Sp. ; 
fr. white, edible, e. Su. ; coll. 

WATER LILY FAMILY. 

Nymphaeaceae. 
46. 

47. Water Lily {Nymphoea odorata). — Native; floating 
aquatic ; fl. white, fragrant, Su. ; coll. 



22 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

48. 

49. Nelumbo (Nelumbium hitea) . — Native ; aquatic 2 ft., 

or floating ; fl. j-ellow ; fr. large ; coll. 
50. 

POPPY FAMILY. 

Papaveraceae. 

51. Celandine (Chelidonium majas). — Introduced ; herb 1 

ft. ; shade ; fl. yellow, Sp. ; seed, coll. 

52. Oriental Poppy ( Papaver orientale) . — Europe ; herb 

2 ft. ; fl. shades of scarlet, mauve, e. Su. ; seed, nsy. 

53. Garden Poppy {Papaver somniferum) . — Asia ; annual 

herb 3 ft. ; fl. white or purple, Su. ; seed (numerous 
varieties of this and other species offered by seeds- 
men). 

54. 55, 56. 



FUMITORY FAMILY. 

Fumariaceae. 

57. Dutchman's Breeches (Dlcentra cucuUaria) . — Native ; 

herb 8 in. ; leaf-mould soil in shade only ; fl. white, 
e. Sp ; coll. 

58. Bleeding Heart (Dlcentra spectahilis) . — Europe ; 

herb 2 ft. ; fl. pink, m. Sp. ; nsy. 
59,60,61. 

nUSTARD FAMILY. 

Cruciferae. 

62. Spring Cress {Gardamine rhomhoides) . — Native ; herb 

8 in. ; wet soil; fl. white, Sp. and e. Su. ; coll. 

63. Sweet Alyssum {Alyssum maritimum). — Europe; 

annual herb 8 in ; fl. white, Su. ; seed. 

64. Horse Radish {Nasturtium armoracia) . — Europe; 

herb 2 ft. ; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; coll. 

65. Rocket {Hesperis matronalis) . — Europe; herb 3 ft.; 

light shade ; fl. rose or white, e. Su. ; seed. 

66. 67. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 23 

niQNONETTE FAfllLY. 

Resedaceae. 

68. Mignonette ( Reseda odorata). — Africa ; annual herb ; 

12 in. ; fl. yellowish, fragrant, Su. ; seed. 

VIOLET FAfllLY. 

Violaceae. 

69. Bird-foot Violet ( F"*o/a ^mZato) .— Native ; herb 

4 in. ; light soil ; fl. blue, fragrant, e. 8p. ; coll. 

70. Common Blue Violet {Viola palmata). — Native; 

herb 6 in. ; moist soil, light shade ; fl. blue, fragrant,' 
e. Sp. ; coll. 

71. Lance-leaved Violet (Viola lanceolata) . —NatWe ; 

herb 4 in. ; wet soil ; fl. white, Sp. and e. Su. 

72. Downy Yellow^ Violet (Viola j^ubescens). —Native; 

herb 8 in. ; leaf-mould soil in shade only ; fl. yellow, 
e. Sp. 

73. Dog Violet (Viola canina). — Europe; herb 6 in.; 

leaf-mould soil in shade ; fl. white, blue ; seed, nsy. 

74. Pansy OR Heart's-ease (Viola tricolor) . — Kmo^e -, 

herb 8 in. ; rich soil; fl. in variety, shades of whitej 
yellow, blue, reddish, in Sp. and Su. ; seed. 

75. 76. 

PINK FAHILV. 

Caryophyllaceae. 

77. Garden Pink (Dianthus plumarius). — Europe ; ever- 

green creeper 6 in. ; fl. in variety, pink or white, 
fragrant, ni. Sp. ; seed, nsy. 

78. Sweet William (Dianthus harhatus) . — Europe ; herb 

1 ft. ; fl. in variety, shades of white, red, 1. Sp. 

and e. Su. ; seed, usv. 
79. 
80. China VmK (Dianthus chinensis) . — Europe ; annual 

or biennial herb, 1 ft. ; fl. shades of red, Su. ; seed. 



24 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

83. London Pride {Lychnis chalceclonica) . — Europe; 

herb 2 ft. ; rich soil ; fl. scarlet or white, e. Su. ; 
seed, nsy. 

84, 85, 86, 87. 



ST. JOHN'S-WORT FAfllLY. 

Hypericaceae. 

88. Great St. John's-wort (Hypericum ascyron). — 

Native ; herb 3 ft. ; light soil ; fl. yellow, m. Su. ; 
coll. 

89. Shrubby St. John's- wort (Hypericum prolificum). — 

Native ; shrub 3 x 3 ft. ; fl. yellow, m. Su. 

90. 91. 

92. Marsh St. John's-wort (Elocles campanulata) . — 

Native ; herb 1 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. pink, m. Su. 

93, 94. 

HALLOW FAMILY. 

Malvaceae. 

95. Mallow (Malva alcea). — Europe; herb 2 ft.; fl. 

rose, Su. ; seed, coll. 
96. 

97. Marsh Mallow (Hibiscus moscheutos) . — Native; 

herb 5 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. in variety, white, rose, 
1. Su. ; coll., nsy. 

98, 99, 100. 



LINDEN FAHILY. 

Tiliaceae. 

101. Basswood (Tilia americana). — Native; tree 60x30 

ft. ; fl. yellow, 1. Sp. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

102, 103, 104. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 25 

QERANIUn FAfllLY. 

Geraniacese. 

105. Wild Cranesbill {Geranium macidatum) . — Native; 

herb 18 in. ; sliade ; fl. rose, 1. Sp. ; coll. 

106. Blood Cranesbill (Geranium sangidneum) . — Europe ; 

herb 8 in. ; fl. red, 1. Sp. and e. Su. ; nsy. 

107. Nasturtium (Tropmolum majus). — South America ; 

annual herb 1 to 4 ft. ; fl. shades of yellow and red, 
Su., F. ; seed. 
108. 

RUE FAfllLY. 

Hutaceae. 

109. Prickly Ash (Xanthoxylum americanum) . — Native; 

thorny shrub 6 x4 ft. ; light shade ; fl. yellowish, e. 
Sp. ; fr. red, 1. Su. ; coll., seed. 

110. Hop Tree {Ptelea trifoliata). — Native ; shrub or tree 

10x10 ft. ; fl. greenish, 1. Sp. ; fr. greenish, 1. Su. ; 
nsy., seed. 

111. 112. 

HOLLY FAMILY. 

Ilicineae. 

113. Winterberry {Ilex verticillata) . — Native; shrub 

6X5 ft.; wet soil, shade; fl. white, m. Su. ; fr. 
scarlet, 1. F. and e. W. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

114, 115. 

116. Mountain Holly {Nemopanthes fascicular is) , — 
Native ; shrub 10x5 ft. ; wet soil, light shade; fr. 
red, 1. F. ; coll. 

117. 

STAFF TREE FAfllLY. 

Celastraceae. 
118. Climbing Bittersweet {Celastrus scandens). — 
Native ; woody climber 50 ft. ; poor soil, shade ; fr. 
yellow and orange, 1. F. and W. ; coll., nsy., seed. 



26 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GEOUNDS. 

119. Burning Bush {Eaonymus atroparpurea) . — Native; 

shrub or tree 10x5 ft. ; light shade; fr. red, 1. F. 
and e. W. ; coll., seed, nsv. 

120, 121, 122. 

BUCKTHORN FAMILY. 

Rhamnaceae. 

123. Buckthorn {Rhamims cathartica). — Europe; shrub 
or tree 15x10 ft.; poor soil; fr. black, F. ; usy., 
seed. 

124. 

125. New Jersey Tea {Geanothus americanus) . — Native ; 

shrub 2 ft. ; poor, light soil, light shade ; fl. white, 
m. Su. ; coll. 

126, 127. 

VINH FAfllLY. 

Vitaceae. 

128, 129. 

130. Virginia Creeper (Ampelopsis quinquefolia) . — 

Native ; woody climber 50 ft. ; fr. black, e. F. ; 
coll., nsy., ctg., seeds. 

131 . Wild Grape ( Vitis lahrusca ) . — Native ; woody climber 

50 ft.; fr. black or greeu ; coll., nsy., ctg., seed. 
One of the parents of many of our garden varieties 
of grape. 

SOAPBERRY FAMILY. 

Sapindaceae. 

132. 133. 

134. Ohio Buckeye {Aesculus glabra). — Native; tree 
50x30 ft.; fl. yellow, 1. Sp. ; nsy., seed. 

135. Dwarf Buckeye {Aesculus parviflora). — S. U.S.; 

shrub 6x10 ft. ; light shade ; fl. white, m. Su. ; nsy. 
136. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME (GROUNDS. 27 

137. Striped Maple {Acer pennsyhKmicum). — Native; 

tree 25x15 ft. ; shade ; fl. yellowish, 1. Sii. ; coll., 
seed. 

138. Sugar Maple {Acer saccliarinmn). — Native; tree 

60x25 ft. ; fl. greenish, e. Sp. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

139. Silver Maple {Acer dasycarpum). — Native; tree 

60x30 ft. ; fl. reddish, e. Sp. ; fr. greenish, m. Su. ; 
nsy., seed. 

140. Red Maple {Acer rubrum). — Native; tree 60x25 

ft. ; fl. scarlet, e. Sp. ; fr. red, m. Su. ; nsy., coll., 
seed. 

141. Norway Maple {Acer ijlatanoides) . — Europe; tree 

60x40 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. greenish, m. Su. ; 
nsy., seed. 

142. Mountain Maple {Acer spicatum). — Native; shrub 

15x15 ft.; shade; fl. yellowish, e. Su. ; fr. red- 
dish or greenish, 1. Su. ; coll., nsy., seed. 
143. 

144. Box Elder {Negundo aceroides). — Native; tree 

50 X 30 ft. ; fl. yellowish, e. Sp. ; fr.- greenish, e. Su. ; 
nsy., coll., seed. 

145. Bladder Nut {Stapliylea trifolia). — Native; shrub 

10x10 ft.; shade; fl. greenish, e. Sp. ; fr. green, 
Su. ; nsy., coll., ctg., seed. 

146. 147, 148. 

CASHEW FAMILY. 

Anacardiaceae. 

149. Staghorn Sumach {Rhus typhina). — Native; shrub 

or tree 12x12 ft. ; poor soil ; fl. greenish, e. Su. ; fr. 
crimson, 1. Su., F. and W. ; coll., seed. 

150. Smooth Sumach {Rhus glabra). — Native; shrub Sx^ 

ft. ; poor soil ; fl. greenish, m. Su. ; fr. crimson, F. 
and W. ; coll., seed. 

151. 

152. Poison Sumach {Rhus venenata) . — Native ; shrub Qx^ 
ft. ; extremely poisonous to many persons. It usu- 
ally grows in swamps, has light, yellowish bark, dry 



28 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GKOUNDS. 

light-gray or yellowish seeds in loose open clusters 
and broad leaflets ; whereas the harmless species grow 
in dry land, have dark bark, large dense conical 
bunches of red seed, and narrow leaflets. 

153. Poison Ivy or Oak {R/ms toxicodendron). — Native; 

climber 30 ft. ; extremely poisonous to many persons. 
Confounded with the harmless Viiginia creeper which 
has five leaflets and black fleshy fruit, and climbs by 
twining tendrils, while the Rhus has three leaflets, 
dry gray fruit, and climbs by sticking rootlets. 

154. Fragrant Sumach {Rhus canadensis). — Native; shrub 

3x10 ft. ; shade ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. red, e. F. ; 
coll., nsy., seed. 

155. Smoke Bush {Rhus cotinus). — Europe; shrub 8x5 

ft. ; fr. and fl. stems showing reddish, Su. ; nsy. 
156. 

PULSE FAMILY. 

LeguminosaB. 
157, 158, 159. 

160. Wild Indigo {Baptisia tinctoria). — Native ; herb 18 
in. ; drv, poor soil ; fl. yellow, e. Su. ; coll. 

161. 

162. False Indigo {Amorpha fndicosa). — Native; shrub 
6x6 ft. ; poor soil; fl. purple, m. Su. ; nsy., coll. 

163. 

164. Locust {Rohinia pseudacacia) . — Native; thorny tree 

40x15 ft.; poor soil; fl. white, fragrant, m. Su. ; 
ns}^, coll., seed. 

165, 166. 

167. Siberian Pea Tree {Caragana arhorescens) . Asia; 

shrub or tree 12 X 8 ft. ; fl. yellow, m. Sp. ; nsy. 

168, 169. 

170. American Wistaria {Wistaria frutescens). Native; 
woodv twiner 50 ft. ; fl. blue, m. Sp. ; nsy., seed. 

171. 

172. Perennial Pea { Lathy r us latifolius) . — Europe ; climb- 
ing herb, 4 ft. ; fl. pink and white, Su. ; seed, nsy. 



planninCt and planting home grounds. 29 

173. Sweet Pea {Lathyrus odoratus). — Europe; climb- 

ing annual herb 3 ft. ; fl. white, rose, or purple, etc., 
Su. and F. ; seed. 

174. Ground Nut {A2nos tuberosa). — Native; climbing 

herb 4 ft. ; wet soil, light shade ; fl. chocolate, fra- 
grant, e. Su. ; coll. 

175. 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182. 



ROSE FAMILY. 

Rosaceae. 

183. Wild Plum (Prunus americana). — Native; thorny 
tree 12x10 ft.; fl. white, e. Sp. ; fr. red, e. F. ; 
coll., seed. 

184. 

185. Dwarf Cherry {Prumis pumila). — Native; shrub 3 

ft.; poor soil; fl. white, m. Sp. ; fr. black, edible, 
e. F. ; coll., seed. 

186. Wild Black Cherry (Prunus serotina). — Native; 

tree 60x30 ft.; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; fr. red, 1. Su. ; 
nsy., coll., seed. 

187. 188, 189, 190. 



191. Chokeberry (Pyrus arbutifoUa). — Native; shrub 4 

ft.; wet soil, light shade; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. 
scarlet, F. and W. ; coll., seed. 

192. Black Chokeberry {Pyrus arbutifoUa melanocarpa) . 

— Native ; shrub 4 ft. ; wet soil, light shade ; fl. 
white, e. Su. ; fr. black, F. and e. W. ; coll., seed. 

193. 194. 

195. Mountain Ash (Pyrus americana). — Native; tree 
30x20 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. red, F. and e. W. ; 
coll., nsy., seed. 



30 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

196. European Mountain Ash (Pyrus auciqyaria). — 

Europe ; tree 30 X 20 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; f r. 
red, F. and e. W. ; nsy. 

197, 198. 

199. Scarlet Haw {Cratceg us coccinea) . — Native; thorny 

tree 20x15 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. red, 1. Su. and • 
e. F. ; coll. 

200. CocKSPUR ( Gratoegus crus-galli) . — Native ; thorny tree 

20x15 ft.; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. red, 1. Su. and 
e. F. ; coll. 

201. 202. 

203. Shadbush {Amelanchier canadensis). — Native; shrub 

or small tree 6 to 30 ft. x 5 to 20 ft. ; varies much 
in size; poor soil, shade; fl. white, e. Sp. ; fr. red, 
edible, 1. Su. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

204. Dwarf Juneberry {Anielancliier canadensis oblongi- 

fulia). — Native ; shrub 4x4 ft. ; fl. white, e. Sp. ; 
fr. black, edible, 1. Su. ; nsy., seed. 

205. 206. 

207. Meadowsweet (Sjnrcea salicifoUa). — Native; shrub 

4 ft. ; fl. white, I. Sp. ; coll., nsy., ctg. 

208. Steeple Bush {Spircea tomentosa). — Native; shrub 

3 ft. ; fl. red, e. Su ; coll. 

209. Spir^a {Spiraea sorhifolia) . Europe; shrub 4 ft; fl. 

white, e. Su. ; nsy., coll. 

210. Spir^a (Spircea craloegi folia) . — Europe ; shrub 3 ft. ; 

fl. white, m. Sp. ; nsy., ctg. 

211. Van Houtte's Spir.ea {Spircea van houttei) . — Europe ; 

shrub 5 ft; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; nsy., ctg. 

212. Bridal Wreath {Spircea prunifoJia). — Asia; shrub 

6x5 ft. ; fl. white, m. Sp. ; nsy., ctg. 

213. Goat's Beard (iSpmect awi(7icws). — S. U.S. ; herb 3 

ft. ; shade ; fl. white, e. Su. ; nsy. 

214. 215, 216, 217. 

218. Ninebark {Physocarpus [or Spiraea] opuUfolia). — 

Native ; shrub 6 ft. ; light shade ; fl. white, e. Su. ; 
fr. reddish, 1. Su ; nsy., coll., ctg. 

219. Golden Spir^a {Physocarpus [or Spiraea] opuUfolia au- 

rea). — A yellow-leaved garden form of last ; nsy., ctg. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 31 

220. 

221. Wild Red Raspberry (Rubiis strigosus). — Native; 

shrub 4 ft. ; fl. white, m. 8p. ; fr. red, edible, e. Su. 
(This and the next two species are parents of the 
cultivated varieties. Cultivated wild plants will 
produce improved fruits) ; nsy., coll. 

222, 223. 

224. Dewberry {Rubus hispidus). — Native; evergreen 

trailing shrub ; shade ; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; coll. 

225. Flowering Raspberry {Eicbiis odoratus). — Native; 

shrub 4x2 ft. ; shade; fl. rose, e. Su. ; fr. red, 1. 
Su. ; coll., nsy. 

226. 227. 

228. Shrubby Cinquefoil {Potentilla fruticosa) . — Native ; 

shrub 2 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. yellow, 1. Sp. and Su. ; 
coll., nsy. 

229. Swamp Rose (Rosa Carolina). — Native ; shrub 2 ft. ; 

wet soil ; fl. red, fragrant, e. Su. ; fr. red, F. and 
e. W. ; coll., ctg., nsy., seed. 

230. Dwarf Wild Rose (Rosa /ucida). — Native; shrub 3 

ft. ; wet and poor soil ; fl. red, fragrant, e. Su. ; fr. 
red, F". and e. W. ; coll., ctg., nsy., seed. 

231. SwEETBRiER (Rosci Tubiginosa) . — Europe; shrub 

5 ft. ; fl. pink, fragrant, leaves fragrant ; fr. red, F. 
and e. W. ; nsy. 
232. 

233. Japanese Rose {Rosa rugosa). — Asia; shrub 5x5 

f t. ; fl. in variety, shades of red and white, Su. ; fr. 
red, F. and e. W. ; nsy. 

234. Harrison's Yellow Rose (Rosa eglanteria lutea). — 

Europe; shrub 3 ft.; fl. yellow, fragrant, e. Su. ; 
nsy. 

235. Manetta Rose (Rosa manetta). — Europe; shrub 

5x5 ft. ; fl. pink, fragrant. (Hybrid perpetual 
roses are usually grafted upon this species as a stock. 
It often sends up sprouts which will unless destroyed 
kill off the grafted variety. This stock plant can be 
distinguished from the grafted varieties by the seven 
or nine leaflets, whereas the grafted hybrids always 
have a less number.) 



32 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

236, 237, 238, 239. 

240. Strawberry (Fragaria vesca). — Native; herb 6 in.; 

fl. white, m. Sp. ; fr. red, edible, m. Su. (the parent 
of many garden varieties) ; nsy., coll. 

241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246. 

CALYCANTHUS FAfllLY. 

Calycanthaceae . 

247. Sweet-scented Shrub {Calycanthus jioridvs). — S. 
U.S. ; shrub 6 x 6 ft. ; hght shade; fl. red, fragrant, 
1. Sp. ; fr. brown, e. F. ; nsy., ctg., seed. 

248. 

SAXIFRAGE FAMILY. 

Saxifragacese. 

249. Alum Root {Heuchera americana). — Native; herb 

18 in. ; shade ; fl. greenish, 1. Sp. ; coll. 

250. Crimson Alum Root {Heuchera sanguinea). — 

W. U.S. ; herb 1 ft. ; fl. scarlet, Su. ; nsy. 

251. Hardy Hydrangea {Hydrangea paniculata) . — Japan ; 

shrub 5x5 ft. ; fl. white, F. ; nsy. 

252. Hardy Hydrangea {Hydrangea panicidata grandi- 

flora). — Sterile-flowered garden form of the above. 
Shrub 6x5 ft.*; fl. white turning pink; nsy. 
253. 

254. Mock Orange Syringa {Philadelphus grandiflorus) . 

— S. U.S.; shrub 30x10 ft.; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; 
nsy., ctg. 

255. Sweet-scented Syringa {Philadelphus coronarius). — 

S. U.S. ; shrub 6 x 5 ft. ; fl. white, fragrant, m. Sp. ; 
nsy., ctg. 

256. Syringa {Fhiladelphus gordonianus) . — S. U.S.; shrub 

10X5 ft. ; fl. white, fragrant, 1. Sp. ; nsy., ctg. 

257. 258, 259. 

260. Gooseberry {Ribes oxycanthoides) . — Native; prickly 
shrub 3x3 ft.; light shade; fr. green, edible, 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 33 

m. Su. (the parent of our cultivated gooseberries) ; 
nsy., ctg., coll. 

261. Wild Black Currant {Ribes Jloridum). — Native; 

shrub 4x3 ft. ; wet soil, shade ; fl. greenish, e. Sp ; 
fr. black, m. Su. ; nsy., ctg. 

262. Missouri Currant {Ribes aureum). — W. U.S.; 

shrub 5x4 ft.; fl. yellow, fragrant, e. Sp. ; fr. 
black, edible, m. Su. (the parent of improved varie- 
ties) ; ns}^, ctg. 

ORPINE FAMILY. 

Crassulaceae . 
263. 
264. Mossy Stonecrop (Sedum acre). — Introduced; 

creeper ; thin soil on rock ; fl. yellow, e. Su. ; coll. 
265. 

WITCH HAZEL FAMILY. 

Hamamelideae . 

266. Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana). — Native; 

shrub 12x8 ft.; gravelly soil, shade; fl. yellow, 
e. F. ; coll., nsy. 

267, 268, 269. 



LOOSE=STRIFE FAMILY. 

Lythracese. 

270. Spiked Loose-strife {Lythrum salicaria). — Native; 

herb 3 ft. ; wet soil; fl. red, m. Su. ; nsy. 

271, 272. 

EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY. 

Omagraceae. 

273. Great Willow Herb (Epilobium migustifoUinn) . — 

Native ; herb 4 ft. ; light shade, wet or dry ground ; 
in. Su. ; coll. 

274, 275, 276, 277, 278. 



34 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

GOURD FAMILY. 

Cucurbitacese. 

279. AViLD Cucumber {Echmocystis lobata). — W. U.S.; 

climbing annual 15 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. green, 
F. ; seed. 

280, 281. 

PARSLEY FAMILY. 

Umbellif erae . 

282. Cow Parsnip {HeracUum lanatum). — Native; herb 

6 ft. ; rich soil, shade ; fl. white, m. Su. ; fr. brown, 
coll. 

GINSENG FAMILY. 

Araliaceae. 

283. Hercules' Club (Aralia spinosa). — S. U.S. ; prickly 

shrub 6 ft. ; fl. white, m. Su. ; fr. purple, e. F. 
284. 

285. Wild Sarsaparilla {Aralia nudicaulis). — Native; 

herb 1 ft.; shade; fl. greenish, 1. Sp. ; fr. black, 
m. Su. ; coll. 

286. Ginseng {Aralia quinquefolia) . — Native ; herb 4 ft. ; 

shade; fl. greenish white, m. Su. ; coll. 

287. 288. 

BIRTHWORT FAMILY. 

Aristolochiaceae . 

289. Pipe Vine {Aristolochia sijyJio). — Native; woody 

twiner 50 ft. ; fl. purple ; nsy. 
290. 

LAUREL FAHILY. 

Lauraceae. 

291. Sassafras {Sassafras officinale) . — Native; tree 25 X 
15 ft ; poor soil, light shade ; fl. yellow, m. Sp. ; 
fr. black, 1. Su. ; coll., nsy. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 35 

292. Spicebush (Lindera benzoin). — Native; shrub 10 x 
8 ft. ; wet soil, shade ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. scarlet, 
1. Su. ; coll., nsy. 

293. 

MEZEREUn FAfllLY. 

ThymelaBaceee. 

294. L^ATHEKWOOD {Dirca palustris). — Native; shrub 4 

X 4 ft. ; wet soil, in shade ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. red, 
1. Su. 

295, 296. 

DOGWOOD FAMILY. 

Cornaceae. 

297. Silky Dogwood {Gornus sericea). — Native; shrub 

6x10 ft.; wet soil, light shade; fl. white, 1. Sp; 
fr. blue, 1. Su. ; coll., iisy., ctg., seed. 

298. Panicled Dogwood {Coi^nus paniculata). —]<iat\Ye; 

shrub 6x3 ft. ; dry soil ; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; fr. white, 
1. Su. ; coll., Dsy., ctg., seed. 

299. Round -LEAVED Dogwood (Cornus circinata). — 

Native ; shrub 6 x4 ft. ; dry soil, in shade ; fl. white, 
1. Sp. ; fr. white, 1. 8u. ; coll., usy., seed. 

300. European Red Osier Dogwood {Cornus sanguinea 

alba). — Europe ; shrub 6 x 6 f t. ; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; 
fr. white, m. Su. ; bark crimson in winter; nsy., ctg. 

301. Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus stolonifera). — Native; 

shrub 5 X 5 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; fr. white, 
m. Su. ; bark crimson in winter; coll,, ctg., seed. 
3*02, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308. 



HONEYSUCKLE FAHILY. 

Caprif oliaceae . 
309. Elder (Sambucus canadensis). — Native; shrub 10 X 
10 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. white, m. Su. ; fr. black, e. F. ; 
coll., ctg., seed. 



36 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

310. Red-berried Elder {Sambucus racemosa) . — ■ 

Native ; shrub lOx 10 ft. ; shade ; fl. white, e. Sp. ; 
fr. scarlet, e. Su. ; coll., ctg., seed. 

311, 312. 

313. High Bush Cranberry [or Cranberry Tree] {Vihur 

num opuhis). — Native; shrub 12x6 ft.; wet soil, 
shade; fl. white, e. Su. ; f r. red, e. F. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

314. Snov^^ball ( Viburnum opulus sterilis) . — Garden form ; 

shrub 12x6 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; nsy. 

315. DocKMACKiE ( Viburnum acerifolium) . — Native ; shrub 

3x3 f t. ; shade ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. black, e. F. ; 
coll., nsy., seed. 

316. Arrowvtood {Viburnum dentatum) . — Native; shrub 

10x6 ft. ; shade ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. black, e. F. ; 
coll., nsy. 

317. Sheepberry {Viburnum lentago). — Native; shrub 

10x6. ft. ; light shade; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; fr. black, 
edible, F. ; coll. 

318. 319, 320, 

321. Coral Berry {Symphoricarpos vulgaris). — Native; 

shrub 3x3 f t. ; poor soil, shade ; fr. red, F. and 
e. W. ; ns}'., coll., ctg. 

322. Snowberry {Symplioricarpos racemosus). — Native; 

shrub 3x3 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. white, F. and 

e. W. ; coll., nsy. 
323. 
324. Trumpet Honeysuckle {Lonicera sempervirens) . — 

Europe ; woody climber 10 ft. ; fl. red or yellow, 

m. Sp. ; fr. red, 1. Su. ; nsy. 
325. 

326. Tartarian Honeysuckle {Lonicera tatarica). — Asia ; 

shrub 10 X 8 ft. ; fl. shades of white and red, m. Sp. ; 
fr. red, m. and 1. Su. ; nsy., ctg. 

327. Minnesota Honeysuckle {Lonicera suUivantii). — 

Native; woody twiner 10 ft.; fl. yellow, e. Su. ; 
fr. red, m. Su. ; coll., ctg. 

328. Fly Honeysuckle {Lonicera xylosteum). — Europe; 

shrub 10x8 ft.; poor soil, light shade; fl. yellow, 
e. Su. ; fr. red, m. Su. and e. F. ; nsy., ctg. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 37 
329, 330, 331. 

332. Bush Honeysuckle {Diervilla trifida). — Native; 

shrub 2xlJ ft.; poor soil, shade; fl. yellow, m. 
Sa. ; coll. 

333. Weigelia {Diervilla rosea). — Asia; shrub 4x4 ft.; 

fl. shades of white and red; nsy., ctg. 

MADDER FAMILY. 

Rubiaceae. 

334. Button-bush {Oephalanthus occidentalis) . — Native; 

shrub 5x5 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. white, m. Su. ; fr. brown, 
F. ; coll., ctg. 

335. Infant's Breath {Galium boreale). — Native; herb 

3 ft. ; dry soil ; fl. white, Su. ; coll., nsy. 
336,337, 338, 339, 340. 

COriPOSITE FAMILY. 

Compositae. 

341. JoE-PYE Weed {Eiqmtorium purpureum). — Native; 

herb 6 ft. ; wet soil, light shade; fl. purple, e. F. ; 
coll. 

342. Thoroughvtort [or White Snake-root] {Eupatorium 

ageratoides) . — Native ; herb 4 ft. ; shade ; fl. white, 
e. F. ; coll. 

343. 344. 

345. Blazing Star {Liatris scariosa). — Native ; herb 3 ft. ; 

poor soil ; fl. purple, e. F. ; coll. 

346. Kansas Gay Feather {Liatris pycriostachya) . — 

Native ; herb 4 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. purple, e. F. ; coll. 

347. 348. 

349. Golden Rod {Solidago canadensis). — Native; herb 

3 ft. ; poor soil ; fl. yellow, e. F. ; coll. 

350, 351. 

352. Garden [or China] Aster {Callestephus hortensis). — 
China and Japan ; annual herb 12-18 in. ; fl. white, 
pink, purple, etc., Su. ; seed. 



do PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

353. BoLTONiA {Boltonia latisquama). — Native; herb 4 

ft. ; fl. lavender, 1. Sii. and F. ; nsy. 

354. New England Aster {Aster nova-anglicea) . — 

Native ; herb 4 ft. ; fl. blue, F. ; coll., nsy. 

355. 356, 357. 

358. Zinnia (Zinnia elegans). — Mexico ; annual herb 3 ft. ; 

fl. rose, purple, violet, red, or white, Su., F. ; seed. 

359. Robin's Plantain (JE'n^er on hellidifolius) . — Native; 

herb 1 ft. ; fl. blue, m. Sp. ; coll. 

360. Common Fleabane {Erigeron pJiiladelj^hicus) . — 

Native; herb 1 ft. ; fl. blue, e. Su. ; coll. 
361. 

362. Common Elecampane (Inula helenium). — Europe; 

herb 5 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. F. ; coll. 

363. Cup Plant (Silphium j^^'^'foliatum) . — Native; herb 

6 ft. ; fl. yellow, 1. Su. ; coll. 

364. Oxeye (Heliopsis Icevis). — Native ; herb 4 ft. ; poor 

soil ; fl. yellow, Su. and F. ; coll. 

365. Coneflower (Rudheckia laciniata). — Native; herb 

5 ft. ; fl. yellow, 1. Su. and F. (a double form 
"Golden Glow" is cultivated) ; coll., nsy. 
366. 

367. Graceful Sunflower (Helianthus orgyalis). — S.W. 

U.S. ; herb 8 ft. ; fl. yellow and brown, F. ; nsy. 

368. Prairie Sunflower (Helianthus rigidus). — Native; 

herb 5 ft. ; fl. yellow, F. ; coll., nsy. 

369. Maximilian's Sunflower ( Reliant] lus maximilianus) . 

— Native ; herb 6 ft. : fl. yellow, 1. F. ; nsy. 

370. 371. 

372. Coreopsis (Coreopsis palmata). — Native ; herb 3 ft. ; 

fl. yellow, 1. Su. ; coll. 

373. Tickseed (Coreopsis lanceolata). — Native; herb 2 

ft. ; fl. yellow, Sii. and F. ; nsy., coll. 

374. Calliopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria). — Native; annual 

herb 3 ft. ; fl. yellow and brown, Su. ; seed. 

375. Sneezeweed (Helenium autuninale) . — Native; herb 

3 ft. ; wet soil; fl. yellow, 1. Su. and e. F. ; coll., 
nsv. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 39 

376. Indian Plantain (Cacalia reniformis). — Native; 

herb 3 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. wiiite, e. F. ; coll. 

377. Marigold {Calendula officinalis) . — Europe ; annual 

herb ; 1 f t. ; fl. yellow, Su. ; seed. 

378. Cornflower [or Bachelor's Button] (Centaurea 

cyanus) . — Europe ; annual herb 2 ft.; fl. blue, 
white, or rose, Su. ; seed. 

379. Cosmos {Cosmos hipinnatus) . — Mexico ; annual herb 

5 ft. ; fl. white or rose, F. ; seed. 

380. 381, 382, 383, 384. 



LOBELIA FAillLY. 

Lobeliaceae. 

385. Lobelia (Zo6e?ia syphilitica).— ^2it\\e\ herb 18 in.; 

wet soil ; fl. blue, e. Su. ; coll. 

386, 387, 388. 



CAMPANULA FAMILY. 

Campanulaceae. 

389. Common Harebell {Campanula rotundifolia) . — 

Native ; herb 1 ft. ; crevices of rocks and dry soil ; 
fl. blue, e. Su. ; seed, coll. 

390, 391. 



HEATH FAMILY. 

Ericaceae. 

The members of this family seldom do well in clay soil, 
they prefer sandy or gravelly loam. 
392 . Black Huckleberry ( Gaylussacia resinosa) . — Native ; 

shrub 3x3 ft.; dry gravelly soil, light shade; fl. 

pinkish, m. Sp. ; fr. black, edible, m. Su. ; coll. 
393. 



40 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

394. Dwarf Blueberry ( Vaccinium pennsylvanicum) . — 

Native ; shrub 1x1 f t. ; dry soil, light shade ; fl. 
white, m. Sp. ; fr. blue, edible, m. Su. ; coll. 

395. Swamp Blueberry {Vaccinium corymbosum). — 

Native; shrub 6x4 ft.; wet soil, light shade; fl. 
white, m. Sp. ; fr. blue or black, m. Su. ; coll. 

396. 397. 

398. Leatherleaf (Cassandra calyculata). — Native; 

evergreen shrub 18 in. ; wet soil ; fl. white, e. Sp. ; 
coll. 

399, 400, 401. 

402. White Swamp Honeysuckle (Rhododendron visco- 

sum). — Native; shrub 6x4 ft.; wet soil, light 
shade ; fl. white, fragrant, e. Su. ; coll., nsy. 

403. Rhodora (Rhododendron 7'hodora). — Native; shrub 

3x2 ft. ; wet soil; fl. rose, e. Sp. ; coll., nsy. 

404. 405, 406. 

407. Sweet Pepper Bush (Clethra alnifolia) . — Native; 

shrub 4 X 4 ft. ; wet soil, shade ; fl. white, fragrant, 
1. Su. ; nsy., coll. 

408, 409, 410, 41L 



PRIMROSE FAfllLY. 

Primulaceae. 

412. Moneywort (Lysimachia nummularia) . — Europe; 

creeper, shade; fl. yellow, e. Su. ; coll., nsy. 

413, 414, 415. 

OLIVE FAMILY. 

Oleacea. 

416. White Ash (Fraxinus americana). — Native; tree 

30x40 ft. ; fr. green, e. Su. ; nsy., coll. 

417, 418. 

419. Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginica). — Native; S. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 41 

U.S; shrub 10x6 ft. ; fl. white, e. Sp. ; fr. purple, 
m. Su. ; nsy. 

420. Common Lilac {Syringa vulgaris). — Europe; shrub 

10 X 10 ft. ; fl. in variety, shades of violet and white, 
e. Sp. ; nsy. 

421. Persian Lilac {Syringa pe?-sica). — Asia; shrub 

10 X 10 ft. ; fl. in variety, violet and white, e. Sp. ; 
nsy. 

422. Josika Lilac {Syringa josikoea). — Asia; shrub 

10x5 ft.; fl. violet, e. Su ; nsy. 

423. Tree Lilac {Syringa japo?iica) , — Asia; tree 20x10 

ft. ; fl. white, m. Su. 

424. 425. 

426. Privet {Ligustrum vidgare). — Europe; shrub 6x8 

ft. ; shade ; fl. white, m. Su. ; fr. black, F. and 
e. W. ; nsy., ctg. 

427. CnmESB Friyet {Ligustrum ibota). — Europe; shrub 

6x8 ft. ; shade; fl. white, to. Su. ; fr. black, nsy., 
ctg. 
428. 



DOGBANE FAMILY. 

Apocynaceae. 

429. 

430. Common Periwinkle {Vinca minor). — Europe; 

evergreen creeper ; shade; fl. blue, m. Sp. ; nsy., 
ctg. 

431. Dogbane {Aiiocynum androsmmifolium) . — Native; 

herb 2 ft. ; poor soil ; fl. white, e. Su. ; coll. 

432. 433. 

niLKWEED FAMILY. 

Asclepiadaceae . 

434. Poke Milkweed {Asclepias phytolaccoides) . — Native ; 
herb 3 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. green, 1. Su ; coll. 



42 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

435. AscLEPiAS {Asclepias incarriata) . — Native ; herb 3 ft. ; 

fl. light rose, Su. ; fr. green, 1. Su. ; coll. 

436, 437, 438. 



GENTIAN FAIVIILY. 

Gentianaceae. 

439. Closed Gentian {Gentiana andrewsii). — Native 

herb 1 ft. ; fl. blue, m. Su. ; coll. 

440, 441. 



POLEMONIUM OR PHLOX FAMILY. 

Polemoniacese . 

442. Phlox (Phlox paniculata) . — Native; S. U.S. ; herb 

3 ft. ; fl. iu variety, shades of white, rose, and red, 
Su. ; nsy. 

443. Moss Pink (Phlox subulata). — Native; S. U.S.; 

evergreen creeper ; light soil ; fl. in variety, Sp. ; nsy. 

444. Annual Phlox (Phlox drammondii). — Native; an- 

nual herb 10 in. ; fl. purple, rose color, crimson, or 
white, Su. ; seed. 

445. Greek Valerian (Polemonium reptans), — Native; 

herb 8 in. ; fl. blue, e. Sp. ; coll. 

446. 447. 

WATERLEAF FAMILY. 

Hydrophyllaceae . 

448. Waterleaf (Hydrophylliim virginicum). — Native; 

herb 1 ft. ; leaf mould and wet soil in shade ; fl. 
blue, e. Sp. ; coll. 

BORAGE FAMILY. 

BorraginacesB. 

449. Forget-me-not (Myosotis 2:>cdastris) . — Europe, Asia, 

N. America; herb 10 in.; fl. blue, Sp., Su. ; seed. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 43 

CONVOLVULUS FAMILY. 

Convolvulacea . 

450. Morning Glory (Ipomea purpurea). — Tropical Am- 

erica ; climbing annual herb 10 ft. ; fl. white, blue, 
purple, and red, Su. ; seed. 

451. Moon Flower (^Ipomea hona-nox). — Tropical Amer- 

ica ; climbing annual herb 10 ft.; fl. white, Su. ; 
seed. 

NIGHTSHADE FAMILY. 

Solanaceae. 

452. Bittersweet {Solanum dulcamara). — Native; shrub 

4x3 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. purple, e. Su. ; fr. crimson 
(poisonous to eat), F. and e. W. ; coll. 

453. Petunia {Petunia nyctaginijiora) . — South America; 

annual herb 2 ft. ; fl. white, rose, red, purple, etc. ; 
seed. 

454. 455. 

456. Matrimony Vine {Lycium vulgare). — Europe; shrub 

5 ft.; poor soil; fl. white and purple, Su. ; fr. 
scarlet, e. F. ; nsy. 

FIGWORT FAMILY. 

. ScrophulariaceaB. 

457. Turtlehead {Chelone glabra). — Native; herb 2 ft.; 

wet soil, light shade; fl. white, m. Su. ; coll. 

458. Pentstemon {PenMemon puhescens). — Native; herb 

2 ft. ; fl. white, e. Su. ; coll. 

459. Culver's Root {Veronica virginica). — Native; herb 

6 ft. ; fl. white, m. Su. ; coll. 

460. Wood Betony (Pedicularis canadensis). — Native; 

herb 10 in.; wet or dry light soil; fl. yellow and 
reddish, e. Su. ; coll. 

461. 462, 463. 



44 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 



BIQNONIA FAMILY. 

Bignoniaceae. 

464. Trumpet Flower (Tecoma radicans). — Native; S. 
U.S.; woody climber; fl. orauge-scarlet, m. Su. ; 
fr. green, F. ; usy. 



VERVAIN FAMILY. 

Verbenaceae. 

465. Verbena {Verbena chamcedrifoUa) . — Brazil; annual 

(or perennial) herb 1 ft. ; fl. red, scarlet, etc., Su., 
F. ; seed ; ctg. 

MINT FAMILY. 

Labiatce. 

466. Brown Bugle {Ajugareptans). — Europe; creeper; 

fl. white and red, e. Su. 

467. Spearmint {Mentha viridis'). — Introduced; herb 18 

in.; wet soil; fl. purple, foliage fragrant; coll. 

468. Wild Bergamot {Monarda Jistulosa) . — Native ; light 

shade; fl. lavender, Su. ; nsy., coll. 

469. Bee Balm {Monarda didyma). — Native herb 18 in. ; 

fl. scarlet, Su., e. F. ; coll., nsy. 

470. Scarlet Sage {Salvia splendens). — Brazil; annual 

herb 4 ft. ; fl. scarlet or white, Su. and F. ; seed. 

471. 472. 



FOUR O'CLOCK FAMILY. 

Nyctaginaeceae. 

473. OxYBAPHUS {Oxyhaphus nyctagineus') . — Native; herb 
2 ft. ; poor soil ; fl. rose purple, Su. ; coll. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 45 

POKEWEED FAMILY. 

Phy tolaccaceae . 

474. PoKEWEED {Phytolacca decandra). — Native; herb 5 
ft. ; shade ; fl. white, e. Su. ; fr. black, 1. Su. ; coll. 
475. 

OLEASTER FAMILY. 

ElaeagnaceaB, 

476. Oleaster {Elceagnus hortensis). — Asia; shrub or 

tree 25x30 ft.; fl. yellowish, e. Su. ; fr. reddish, 
m. Su. ; nsy., ctg. 

477. GouMi {Elmagniis longpipes) . — Asia ; shrub 6 X 6 ft. ; 

fl. yellowish; nsy., ctg. 
478. 

SPURGE FAMILY. 

Euphorbiaceae. 

479. Castor-oil Bean {Ricinus communis). — Tropical 

Africa; annual herb 5 ft. ; ornamental foliage ; seed. 

NETTLE FAMILY. 

Urticaceee. 

480. Slippery Elm {Ulmus fulva). — Native; tree 30x20 

ft. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

481. White Elm (Ulmus americana). — Native; tree 60 

X40 ft. ; nsv., coll., seed. 

482. 483, 484. 

485. Hackberry {Celtis occidentalis) . — Native; tree 40 

X30 ft. ; fr. black, 1. Su. and F. ; nsy., seed. 

486. Common Hop {Humulus lupulus) . — Native; twining 

herb 30 ft. ; fr. brown, F. 

487. Japanese Hop {Humulus Japonicus). — Japan; 

climbing annual herb 15 ft. ; seed. 

488. 489, 490, 491, 492. 



46 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

PLANE TREE FAMILY. 

Platanaceee. 

493. Sycamore {Platanus occidentalis) . — Native; tree 60 
X40ft. ; fl. whitish, e. Su. ; fr. brown, F. ; coll., 
seed, nsy. 

494. 

WALNUT FAMILY. 

Juglandaceae. 

495. BuTTERNDT {Juglaus cinerea). — Native; tree 30x25 

ft.; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. black, edible, F. ; coll., 
nsy., seed. 

496. Black Walnut (Juglans nigra). — Native; tree 60 

X 10 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. black, edible, F. ; 
coll., nsy., seed. 

497. Shellbark or Shagbark Hickory (Carya alba). — 

Native ; tree 50 x 30 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. 
brown, edible, F. ; nsy., seed. 

498. Pignut {Carya po7xina) . — Native; tree 50x30 ft.; 

fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; fr. brown, F. ; seed, nsy. 

499. 500, 501, 502, 503. 

SWEET GALE FAMILY. 

Myricaceae. 

504. 

505. Sweet Fern {Myrica asplew folia) . — Native; shrub 

18 in. ; poor soil ; foliage fragrant ; coll. 

506, .507. 

OAK FAMILY. 

Cupuliferae. 

508. Sweet Birch (Betula lenta). — Native; tree 50x40 

ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

509. Yellow Birch (Betula lutea) . — Native; tree 50x40 

ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; coll., nsy., seed. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GKOUNDS. 47 

510. White Birch (Betida populifoUa). — Native; tree 

30x10 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

511. Canoe or Paper Birch ( Betula papyri fera) . — Native ; 

tree 50x40 ft. ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

512. 

513. Cut-leaved Birch {Betula alba laciniata) . — Europe; 

tree 40x30 ft. (a common cut-leaf form of the 
European birch) ; nsy., seed. 

514, 515. 

516. Speckled Alder {Alnus incana). — Native ; shrub 12 

x8 ft. ; wet ground; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; coll., seed. 

517. ^ ^^ . 

518. American Hazelnut ((7or?/Z^s a?7iericana). — Native; 

shrub 4x4 ft. ; poor dry soil, light shade; fl. yel- 
low, e. Sp. ; fr. brown, edible ; coll., seed. 

519. 

520. American Hornbeam, Ironwood, or Leverwood (Os- 

trya virghiica) . — Native ; tree 30 X 20 ft. ; fl. yellow, 
e. Sp. ; fr. brown, F. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

521, 522. 

523. White Oak {Qaercus alba). Native; tree 60x40 

ft. ; fr. brown, F. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

524. Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa). — Native; tree 

60x40 ft. ; fr. brown; nsy., coll., seed. 
525. 

526. Red Oak (Quercus rubra) . — Native ; tree 60 x 40 ft. ; 

fr. brown, F. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

527. Scarlet Oak {Quercus coccinea). — Native; tree 

60x40 ft. ; fr. brown, F. ; nsy., seed, coll. 

528. 529, 530, 531. 

532. Common Chestnut {Castanea saliva americana). — 

Native ; tree 60 x 50 ft. ; fr. brown, edible, F. ; nsy., 
seed, coll. 

533. Beech {Fagus ferruginea) . — Native ; tree 60 x 50 ft. ; 

fr. brown, edible,' F. ; nsy., seed, coll. 

534. Purple Beech {Fagus sylvatica ^mrpurea) . — Europe ; 

tree 50x40 ft. (a purple-leaved garden form of the 
European beech) ; nsy. 
535. 



48 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

WILLOW FAMILY. 

Salicacese. 

536. Black Willow {Salix nigra). — Native; tree 40 x 

30 ft. ; wet ground ; ctg., nsy. 
537. 
538. White Willow {Salix alba). — Europe; tree 50 x 

40 ft. ; wet ground; nsy., ctg., coll. 
539. 
540. Laurel-leaved or Bat Willow {Salix pentandra). 

— Asia; tree 25x15 ft.; nsy., ctg. 
541,542,543,544,545,546. 



547. Silver-leaved Poplar {Populus alba). — Europe; 

tree 60x40 ft. ; nsy., ctg., coll. 

548. Aspen {Populus tremuloides). — Native; tree 30x15 

ft. ; coll., ctg. 

549. Larger American Aspen {Populus grandidentata) . — 

Native ; tree 40x 20 ft. ; coll., ctg. 

550. Balsam Poplar {Populus balsam if er a) . — Native; 

tree 40 x 20 ft. ; nsy., ctg., coll. 

551. Cottonwood {Populus monilifera). — Native; tree 

60x40 ft. ; nsy., ctg., coll. 

552. LoMBARDY Poplar {Populus dilatata). — Europe; 

tree 60x6 ft. ; nsy., ctg. 

553. 554, 555, 556, 557, 558. 



PINE FAMILY, 

Coniferae. 

559. White Pine {Pinus strobus). — Native; evergreen 

tree 70x40 ft. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

560. Pitch Pine, Northern {Pinus rigida). — Native; 

evergreen tree 60x30 ft. ; coll., seed. 

561. Jack Pine {Phius banksiana). —^^ii\Q\ evergreen 

tree 25x15 ft. ; coll., seed. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 49 

562. Red Pine {Pinus resinosa). — Native; evergreen 

tree 70x40 ft. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

563, 564. 

565. Black Spruce (Picea nigra). — W. U.S. ; evergreen 

tree 70x30 ft. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

566. White Spruce {Picea alba). — Native; evergreen 

tree 60x30 ft. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

567. Norway Spruce {Picea excelsa). — Europe; ever- 

green tree 60x30 ft. ; nsy., seed. 

568. 569. 

570. Hemlock {Tsuga canadensis). — Native; evergreen 

tree 60x30 ft. ; shade; nsy., coll., seed. 

571. Balsam Fir {Abies balsamea). — Native; evergreen 

tree 70 X 30 ft.; nsy., coll., seed. 

572. Tamarack {Larix americana). — Native; tree 60x40 

ft. ; fl. reddish, e. Sp. ; coll., nsy., seed. 

573. European Larch {Larix europoea). — Europe; tree 

60x40 ft. ; fl. reddish, e. Sp. ; nsy., seed. 
574. 

575. Arbor ViT^ {Thuja occidentalis) . — Native; ever- 

green tree 30 X 10 ft. ; nsy., coll., seed. 

576, 577. 

578. Common Juniper {Juniperus communis). — Native; 

evergreen shrub; poor soil ; 2x10 ft.; coll., nsy., 
seed. 

579. Juniper {Juniperus sabina). — Native; evergreen 

shrub 3x10 ft.; nsy., coll., seed. 

580. Red Cedar {Juniperus virginiaiia). — Native; ever- 

green tree 30 x 10 ft. ; nsy., coll., seed. 
581. 

582. Ground Hemlock {Taxus canadensis). — Native; 

evergreen shrub 2x10 ft. ; leaf-mould soil in shade ; 
coll., nsy., seed. 

ORCHIS FAMILY. 

Orchidaceae. 

583. Showy Lady's Slipper {Cypfripedium spectabile). — 

Native ; herb 2 ft. ; leaf-mould soil in shade only ; fl. 
pink, e. Su. ; coll. 

584. 585, 586. 



50 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

IRIS FAMILY. 

Iridaceae. 

587. Larger Blue Flag (Ii^is versicolor). — Native; herb 

2 ft. ; wet soil ; fl. blue, e. Su. ; coll. 

588. Slender Blue Flag {Iris prismaticd) . — Native ; herb 

18 in. ; wet soil ; fl. blue, m. Su. ; coll. 

589. Common Flower-de-Luce (7m germanica). — Eu- 

rope ; herb 18 in. ; in variety, shades of white, blue, 
yellow, e. Su. ; nsy. 

590. Japanese Iris {Iris kevigata). — Japan; herb 2 ft.; 

wet soil ; in variety, shades of blue, white, and red, 
m. Su. ; nsy. 

591. Dwarf Garden Iris {Iris 2^umila). — Europe; herb 

6 in. ; blue, e. Sp. ; nsy. 

592. 593. 

594. Blackberry Lily {Belamcanda chinejisis) . — Chinese ; 

herb 18 in. ; light soil ; fl. orange, e. Su. ; fr. black, 
1. Su. ; nsy., seed. 

595, 596, 597. 

LILY FAMILY. 

Liliaceae. 

598. 

599. Green Brier {Smilax rotiuidi folia) . — Native ; thorny 

climber ; bark bright green in winter ; f r. black, F. 

and e. W. ; coll., nsy. 
600. 

601. Yellow Day Lily {Ilemerocalh's Jlava). — Europe; 

herb 2 ft. ; fl. yellow, 1. Sp. ; nsy. 

602. Common Day Ij11.y {Her)ierocallis fulva). — Europe; 

herb 3 ft. ; fl. orange-red, e. Su. ; nsy., coll. 

603. White Day Lily {Funkia subcordata) . — Asia; herb 

18 in. ; fl. white, fragrant, Sp. and e. Su. ; nsy. 

604. Blue Day Lily {Funkia lanceolata). — Asia; herb 

18 in. ; fl. blue, 1. Sp. ; nsy. 
605. 



PLANNING AND PL ANTING HOME GROUNDS. 51 

606. Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis) . — S. U.S. ; 

herb 6 in. ; shade ; fl. white, fragrant, e. Sp. ; usy. 

607. Smaller Solomon's Seal (Polygonatum biflorum).'^ — 

Native ; herb 18 in. ; leaf mould in shade ; fl. white, 
m. Sp. ; fr. blue, e. F. ; coll. 

608. False Spikenard {Smilacina racemosa). — Native; 

herb 18 in. ; leaf mould in shade ; fl. white, e. Su. ; 
fr. red, F. ; coll. 

609. Oakesia {Oakesia sessifolia) . — Native; herb 12 in. ; 

light shade ; fl. pale yellow, Sp. ; coll. 

610. Great Bellwort (Uvularia ^ra?icZ(/fom) . — Native ; 

herb 10 in. ; leaf mould in shade ; fl. yellow, e. Sp. ; 
coll. 

611. Dogtooth Violet {Erythronium americanum) . — Na- 

tive ; herb 6 in. ; leaf mould in shade; fl. yellow, e. 
Sp. ; coll. 

612. American Turk's Cap Lily (Lilium superhum). — 

Native; herb 5 ft.; wet soil; fl. orange, m. Su. ; 
coll., nsy. 

613. Canada Lily {Lilium canadense). — Native; herb 3 

ft. ; wet soil ; fl. yellow or red, m. Su. ; coll., nsy. 

614. Tiger Lily {Lilium tigrinum). — Asia; herb 4 ft.; 

fl. orange-red, m. Su. ; nsy. 

615. 616. 

617. Indian Cucumber {Medeola virginica) . — Native ; herb 

18 in. ; leaf mould in shade ; fr. greenish, e. Su. ; 
coll. 

618. Purple Birthroot, Trillium {Trillium erect am). — 

Native ; herb 18 in. ; leaf mould in shade ; fl. red, 
1. Sp., fr. red, Su. ; coll. 

619. Trillium, Wake Robin, or Wood Lily {Trillium 

grandiflonim). — Native; herb 18 in.; leaf mould 
in shade ; fl. white, 1. Sp. ; fr. red., Su. ; coll. 
620. 

621. White Hellebore {Veratrum viride). — Native; wet 

soil in shade ; fl. green ; coll. 

622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627. 



52 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

FERN FAMILY. 

Filices. 

628. Maiden Hair {Adiantum pedatum). — Native; herb 

1 ft. ; leaf mould in shade only ; coll. 

629. Beech Fern {Phegopteris dryopleris). — Native ; herb 

8 in. ; leaf mould in shade only ; coll. 

630. Beech Fern {Phegopteris hexagoyiopterd) . — Native; 

herb 1 ft. ; leaf mould in shade only ; coll. 

631. Beech Fern {Phegopteris polijpodioides) . — Native; 

herb ; leaf mould in shade only ; coll. 

632. Shield Fern (Aspidium spinulosum). — Native ; ever- 

green herb 18 in. ; shade ; coll. 

633. Wood Fern {Aspidium acrostichoides) . — Native; 

herb 18 in. ; leaf mould in shade; coll. 

634. Evergreen Shield Fern {Aspidium marginale). — 

Native ; evergreen herb 2 ft. ; leaf mould in shade ; 
coll. 

635. 636, 637. 

638. Ostrich Fern {Onodoea struthiopteris) . — Native ; herb 

3 ft. ; leaf mould in shade; coll. 

639, 640. 

641. Dickson's Fern {Dicksonia punctilobula) . — Native; 

herb 2 ft. ; leaf mould in shade ; coll. 
642. 

643. Cinnamon Fern {Osmunda cinnamomea) . — Native; 

herb 3 ft. ; wet soil and leaf mould in shade ; coll. 

644. Flowering Fern {Osmunda day toniana) . — Native; 

herb 3 ft. ; wet soil and leaf mould in shade ; coll. 



INDEX OF COMMON-BOTANICAL NAMES. 



Adder's Tongue or Yellow Dogtooth Violet (Erythroniiira 

amerieanum), 611. 
Alder, Hoary or Speckled (Alnus incana), 516. 
Alder, Speckled or Hoary (Alnus incana), 516. 
Alnm Root, Common (Heuchera americana), 249. 
Alum Root, Crimson (Heuchera sanguinea), 250. 
Alyssum, Sweet (Alyssum maritimum), 63. 
Anemone, Pennsylvania (Anemone pennsylvanica), 6. 
Anemone, Wood (Anemone nemorosa), 7. 
Angelica Tree or Hercules' Club (Aralia spinosa), 283. 
Arbor Vitae, American (Thuja occidentalis) , 575. 
Arrowwood, Maple-leaved [or Dockmackie] (Viburnum 

acerifolium) ,316. 
Arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum), 316. 
Asclepias (Asclepias incarnata), 435. 

Ash-]eaved Maple or Box Elder (Negundo aceroides), 144. 
Ash, White (Fraxinus americana), 416. 
Aspen, American (Populus tremuloides), 548. 
Aspen, Larger American (Populus grandidentata), 549. 
Aspidium (Aspidium marginale and acrostichoides), 633, 634. 
Aster, New England (Aster nova-anglisea) , 354. 
Aster, China or Garden (Callistephus hortensis), 352. 
Bachelor's Button or Cornflower, 378. 
Balsam Fir, Common (Abies balsamea), 571. 
Balmony, Turtlehead or Snakehead (Chelone glabra), 457. 
Barberry, Common (Berberis vulgaris), 38. 
Barberry, Purple (Berberis vulgaris purpurea), 39. 
Barberry, Thunberg's (Berberis thunbergii), 42. 
Basswood (Tilia americana), 101. 
Bee Balm (Monarda didyma), 469. 
Beech, American (Fagus ferruginea), 533. 

53 



54 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Beech, Purple (Fagus S34vatica purpurea), 534. 

Beech Fern (Phegopteris dryopteris), 629. 

Beech Fern (Phegopteris hexagonoptera), 630. 

Beech Fern (Phegopteris poly poclioides), 631. 

Bergamot, Wild (Monarda fistulosa), 468. 

Birch, AmericanWhite or Gray (Betula alba populifolia) ,510. 

Birch, Black or Sweet or Cherry (Betula lenta), 508. 

Birch, Canoe or Paper (Betula papyrifera), 511. 

Birch, Cherry, Sweet or Black (Betula lenta), 508. 

Birch, European Cut-leaved (Betula laciniata), 513. 

Birch, Gray or AmericanWhite (Betula alba populifolia) , 510. 

Birch, Gray or Yellow (Betula lutea), 509. 

Birch, Paper or Canoe (Betula papyrifera), 511. 

Birch, Sweet or Black or Cherry (Betula lenta), 508. 

Birch, White, or Gray American (Betula alba populifolia), 

510. 
Birch, Yellow or Gray (Betula lutea), 509. 
Birch, Cut-leaved, P^uropean (Betula alba laciniata), 513. 
Bittersweet, Climbing (Celastrus scandens), 118. 
Bittersweet (Solanum dulcamara), 452. 
Blackberry, Running Swamp (Rubus hispidus), 224. 
Blackberry Lily (Belamcanda chinensis), 594. 
Bladder Nut (Staphylea trifolia) , 145. 
Blnzing Star (Listris scariosa), 345. 
Bleeding Heart (Dicentra spectabilis), 58. 
Blueberry, Common Swamp (Vaccinium corymbosum), 3951 
Blueberry, Dwarf Early (Vaccinium pennsylvanicum), 394. 
Blue Flag, Larger (Iris versicolor), 587. 
Blue Flag, Slender (Iris prismatica), 588. 
Boltonia (Boltonia latisquama), 353. 

Box Elder or Ash-leaved Maple (Negundo aceroides), 144. 
Bridal Wreath (Spirnea prunifolia), 212. 
Buckeye, Dwarf (Aesculus parvifolia), 135. 
Buckeye, Ohio (Aesculus glabra), 134. 
Buckthorn, Common (Rhamnu« cathartica), 123. 
Bugle, Brown (Ajuga reptans), 4^6. 
Burning Bush (Euon3^mus atropurpurea), 119. 
Bush Honeysuckle or Diervilla (Diervilla trifida), 332. 
Buttercup, Double (Ranunculus acris, tl. pi.), 19. 



PLANNIXG AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 55 

Buttercup, Tall (Ranunculus acris) , 18. 

Butternut or AVliite Walnut (Juglans cinerea), 495. 

Button- bush (Ceplialanthus occidentalis), 334. 

Button wood, Sycamore or American Plane (Platanus occi- 
dentalis), 493. 

Calliopsis or Coreopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria), 374. 

Carolina Allspice or Sweet-scented Shrub (Calycauthus 
floridus), 247. 

Castor-oil Bean (Ricinus communis), 479. 

Cedar, Red or Savin (Juniperus virginiana), 580. 

Celandine (Chelidonium majus), 51. 

Cherry, Dwarf (Prunus pumila), 185. 

Cherry, Wild Black (Prunus serotiua), 186. 

Chestnut, European (Castanea sativa americana), 532. 

China Pink (Dianthus chinensis), 80. 

Chokeberry, Common (Pyrus arbutifolia) , 191. 

Chokeberry, Black (Pyrus arbutifolia melanocarpa), 192. 

Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea), 643. 

Cinquefoil, Shrubby (Potentilla fruticosa), 228. 

Clematis, Scarlet (Clematis coccinea), 3. 

Clematis, Japanese (Clematis paniculata), 2. 

Columbine, Common Garden (Aquilegia vulgaris), 29. 

Columbine, Golden-spurred (Aquilegia chrysantha), 28. 

Columbine, Wild (Aquilegia canadensis), 26. 

Coneflower (Rudbeckia laciuiata), 365. 

Coral Berry or Indian Currant (Svmpboricarpos vulgaris), 
321. 

Coreopsis (Coreopsis palmata), 372. 

Coreopsis or Calliopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria), 374. 

Cornflower or Bachelor's Button (Centaurea cyanus), 378. 

Cosmos (Cosmos bipinnatus), 379. 

Cottonwood or Carolina Poplar (Populus monolifera), 551. 

Cow Parsnip (Heraclium lanatum), 282. 

Cranberry, High Bush or Cranberry Tree (Viburnum opulus), 
313. 

Cranesbill, Blood (Geranium sanguineum), 106. 

Cranesbill, Wild (Geranium maculatum), 105. 

Cress, Spring (Cardamine rhomboides), 62. 

Culver's Root (Veronica virginica), 459. 



56 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum), 363. 

Currant, Buffalo, Missouri, Crandall, or Golden (Ribes 

aureum), 262. 
Currant, Indian [or Coral Berry] (Symphoricarpos vulgaris), 

321. 
Currant, Missouri, Crandall, Golden, or Buffalo (Ribes 

aureum), 262, 
Currant, Wild Black (Ribes floridum), 261. 
Day Lily, Blue (Funkia lanceolata) , 604. 
Day Lily, Common (Hemerocallis fulva), 602. 
Day Lily, Yellow (Hemerocallis flava), 601. 
Day Lily, White (Funkia subcordata), 603. 
Dewberry (Rubus hispidus), 224. 
Dickson's Fern (Dicksonia punctilobula), 641. 
Diervilla or Bush Honeysuckle (Diervilla trifida), 332. 
Dockmackie or Maple-leaved Arrowwood (Viburnum aceri- 

folium), 315. 
Dogbane (Apocyuum androssemif olium) , 431. 
Dogtooth Violet, Yellow [or Adder's Tongue] (Erythronium 

americanum), 611. 
Dogwood, Euiopean Red Osier (Cornus sanguinea alba), 

300. 
Dogwood, Red Osier (Cornus stolon ifer a) , 301. 
Dogwood, Panicled (Cornus paniculata), 298. 
Dogwood, Round-leaved (Cornus circinata), 299. 
Dogwood, Silky (Cornus sericea), 297. 
Dutchman's Breeches (Dicentra cucullaria), 57. 
Dutchman's Pipe or Pipe Vine (Aristolochia sipho), 289. 
Elder, Common (Sambucus canadensis), 309. 
Elder, Red Berried (Sambucus racemosa), 310. 
Elecampane, Common (Inula heleniiim), 362. 
P^lm, American or White (Ulmus americana), 481. 
Elm, Slippery (Ulmus fulva), 480. 
Elm, White or American (Ulmus americana), 481. 
Erigeron (Erigeron philadelphicus), 360. 
False Acacia or Locust (Robinia pseudacacia), 164. 
False Indigo (Araorpha fruticosa), 162. 
False Spikenard (Smilacina ra<)emosa), 608. 
Fireweed or Great Willow Herb (Epilobium angustifoliura), 

273. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 57 

Flowering Fern (Osmuuda claytoniana) , 644. 

Fleabane (Erigeron philadelphicus) , 360. 

Flower-de-luce (Iris germanica), 589. 

Forget-me-not (Myosotis palustris), 449. 

Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginica), 419. 

Funkia or Blue Day Lily (Funkia lanceolata), 604. 

Galium or Infant's Breath (Galium boreale), 335. 

Gentian, Closed (Gentiana andrewsii), 439. 

Ginseng (Aralia quinquefolia) , 286. 

Goat's Beard (Spiraea aruncus), 213. 

Golden Rod (Solidago canadensis), 349. 

Goldthread, Three-leaved (Coptis trifolia), 25. 

Gooseberry (Ribes oxycanthoides), 260. 

Goumi (Elseagnus longipes), 477. 

Grape, Wild (Vitis labrusca), 131. 

Gieeu Brier, Common (Smilax rotundifolia) , 599. 

Ground Hemlock or American Yew (Taxus canadensis) , 582. 

Groundnut or Wild Bean (Apios tuberosa), 174. 

Hackberry, American [or Nettle Tree] (Celtis occidentalis) , 

485. 
Hackmatack, American Larch or Tamarack (Larix amen- 

cana), 572. 
Hardback or Steeple Bush (Spiraea tomentosa) , 208. 
Harebell, Common (Campanula rotundifolia), 389. 
Hazlenut, American (Corylus americana), 518. 
Heart's-ease (Viola tricolor) , 74. 
Hellebore (Veratrum viride), 621. 
Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), 570. 
Hercules' Club or Angelica Tree (Aralia spinosa), 283. 
Hickory, Shagbark or Shellbark (Carya alba), 497. 
Hickory, Brown or Broom [or Pignut] (Carya porcina), 498. 
High Bush Cranberry, or Cranberry tree (Viburnum opulus), 

313. 
Honeysuckle, Bush (Diervilla trifida), 332. 
Honevsuckle, Fly (Lonicera Xylosteum), 328. 
Honeysuckle, Minnesota (Lonicera sullivantii) , 327. 
Honevsuckle, Tartarian (Lonicera tatarica), 326. 
Honeysuckle, Trumpet (Lonicera sempervirens), 324. 
Honeysuckle, White Swamp (Rhododendron viscosum), 402. 



58 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Hop, Common (Hiimulus liipiilus), 486. 

Hop, Japanese (Hamulus japonicus) , 487. 
Hup Tree, Three-leaved (Ptelea trifoliata), 110. 

Hornbeam, American [or Ironwood or Leverwood] (Ostrj^a 
virginica), 520. 

Horse Radish (Nasturtium armoracia), 64. 

Huckleberry, Black (Gaylussacia resinosa), 392. 

Hydrangea, Hardy (Hydrangea paniculata), 251. 

Hydrangea, Large White-flowered Hardy (Hydrangea panicu- 
lata gr. fl.), 252. 

Indian Cucumber (Medeola virginica), 617. 

Indian Currant or Coral Berry (Symphoricarpos vulgaris), 
321. 

Indian Plantain (Cacalia reniformis), 376. 

Indian Poke or American White Hellebore (Veratrum 
viride), 621. 

Infant's Breath (Galium boreale), 335. 

Iris, Dwarf Garden (Iris pumila), 591. 

Iris, Japanese (Iris laevigata), 590. 

Ironwood, Leverwood, or American Hornbeam (Ostvya vir- 
ginica), 520. 

Joe-Pye Weed or Purple Thoroughwort (Eupatorium purpu- 
reum), 341. 

Juniper (Juniperus sabina), 579. 

Juniper, Common (Juniperus communis) , 578. 

Juneberry, Dwarf (Amelauchier canadensis oblongifolia) , 
204. 

Kansas Gay Feather (Liatris pycnostachya) , 346. 

Kinnikinic (Cornus sericea), 297. 

Lady's Slipper, Showy (Cypripedium spectabile), 583. 

Larch, American [Tamarack or Hackmatack] (Larix ameri- 
cana), 572. 

Larch, European (Larix europoja), 573. 

Larkspur (Delphinium formosum), 30. 

Larkspur, Annual (Delphinium ajacis), 31. 

Leatherleaf (Cassandra calyculata), 398. 

Leatherwood or Moosewood (Dirca palustris), 294. 

Liatris or Blazing Star (Liatris scariosa), 345. 

Leverwood, Ironwood, or American Hornbeam (Ostrya vir- 
ginica), 520. 



PLANNINC; AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 59 

Lilac, Common (Syriugu vulgaris), 420. 

Lilac, Josika (Syringa josikoea), 422. 

Lilac, Persian (Syringa persica), 42 L 

Lilac, Tree (Syringa japonica), 423. 

Lily, American Turk's Cap (Lilium superbum), 012. 

Lily, Canada (Lilium canadense), 613. 

Lily of the Valley (Convallaria raajalis), 606. 

Lily, Tiger, Bulblet-bearing Lily (Lilium tigrinum), 614. 

Liverleaf (Hepatica triloba), 11. 

Liver-leaf, Sharp-lobed (Hepatica acutiloba), 10.- 

Lobelia (Lobelia syphilitica), 385. 

Locust, Common [or False Acacia] (Robinia pseudncacia), 

164. 
London Pride, Scarlet (Lychnis chalcedonica), 83. 
Loose-strife, Spiked (Ly thrum salicaria), 270. 
Maiden-Hair (Adiantum pedatum), 628. 
Mallow (Malva alcea), 95. 
Mandrake (Podophyllum peltatum), 45. 
Marigold (Calendula officinalis), 377. 
Maple, Mountain (Acer spicatum), 142. 
Maple, Norway (Acer platanoides), 141. 
Maple, Rock or Sugar (Acer saccharinum), 138. 
Maple, Silver or White (Acer dasycarpum), 139. 
Maple, Soft, Swamp or Red (Acer rubrum), 140. 
Maple, Striped Mountain [or Moosewood] (Acer pennsyl- 

vanicum), 137. 
Maple, Sugar or Rock (Acer saccharinum), 138. 
Maple, Swamp, Red or Soft (Acer rubrum), 140. 
Maple, White or Silver (Acer dasycarpum), 139. 
Marsh Mallow (Hibiscus moscheutos) 97. 
Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris), 24. 
Marsh St. John's Wort (Elodes campanulata), 92. 
Matrimony Vine (Lycium vulgare), 456. 
Meadow Rue, Early (Thalictrum dioicum), 14. 
Meadow Rue, Tall (Thalictrum polyganum), 15. 
Meadowsweet, Common (Spirsea salicifolia), 207. 
Mignonette (Reseda odorata), 68. 
Milkweed, Poke (Asclepias plytolaccoides) , 434. 
Mock Orange, Large-flowered [or Syringa] (Philadelphus 

grandiflorus), 254. 



60 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Mock Orange, Common [or Syringa] (Philadelphus coro- 

marius) , 255. 
Moneywort (Lysiraachia numraularia), 412. 
Monkshood (Aconitum uncinatum), 32. 
Moon Flower (Ipomea bona-nox), 451. 
Moonseed (Menispermum canadense), 37. 
Moosewood or Leatherwood (Dirca palustris), 294. 
Moose wood or Striped Mountain Maple (Acer pennsylvani- 

cum), 137. 
Morning Glory (Ipomea purpurea), 450. 
Moss Pink (Phlox subulata), 443. 
Mountain Ash, American (Pyrus americana), 195. 
Mountain Ash or European Rowan Tree (Pyrus aucuparia), 

196. 
Mountain Holh' (Nepomanthes f ascicularis) , 116. 
Mountain Maple, Striped [or Moosewood] (Acer pennsyl- 

vanicum), 137. 
Nasturtium (Tropseolum majus), 107. 
Nelumbo (Nelumbium lutea), 49. 
Nettle Tree or American Hackberrv (Celtis occidentalis) , 

485. 
New Jersey Tea (Ceanothus americanus), 125. 
Nine-bark (Physocarpus (oi' Spiraea) opulifolia), 218. 
Nine-bark, Golden (Physocarpus [or Spiraea] aurea), 219. 
Oak, Bur, Over-Cup or Mossy-Cup (Quercus macrocarpa), 

524. 
Oak, Mossv-Cup, Over-Cup, or Bur (Quercus macrocarpa), 

524. 
Oak, Red (Quercus rubra), 526. 
Oak, Scarlet (Quercus coccinea), 527. 
Oak, White (Quercus alba), 523. 
Oakesia (Oakesia sessilifolia), 609. 
Oleaster (Eloeagnus hortensis), 476. 
Osier, European Red (Cornus sauguinea alba), 300. 
Ostrich Fern (Onocloea struthiopteris) , 638. 
Oxeye (Heliopsis Isevis) , 364. 
Oxybaphus (Oxybaphus nyctagineus) , 473. 
Pansy or Hearts' Ease (Viola tricolor), 74. 
Pasque Flower, Wild (Anemone patens uuttalina), 5. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 61 

Pea, Perennial (Lathyrus latifolius), 172. 

Pea, Sweet (Lathyrus odoratus), 173. 

Pea Tree, Siberian (Caragana arborescens), 167. 

Pedicularis, Common [or Wood Betony] (Pedicularis cana- 
densis), 460. 

Pentstemou (Pentstemon pubescens), 458. 

Peony (Paeonia officinalis) (Old Red), 35. 

Peony, Chinese (Poeonia albiflora), 36. 

Periwinkle, Common (Vinca minor), 430. 

Petunia (Petunia nyctaginiflora), 453. 

Philadelphus (Philadelphus goidonianus), 256. 

Phlox (Phlox paniculata), 442. 

Phlox, Annual (Phlox drummondii), 444. 

Pignut, or Broom or Brown Hickory (Carya porcina), 498. 

Pine, Jack, Northern Scrub or Gray (Pinus banksiana), 
561. 

Pine, Norway or Red (Pinus resiuosa), 562. 

Pine, Northern Pitch (Pinus rigida), 560. 

Pine, White (Pinus strobus), 559. 

Pink, China (Dianthus chinensis), 80. 

Pink, Garden (Dianthus plumarius), 77. 

Pipe Vine or Dutchman's Pipe (Aristolochia sipho), 289. 

Plane, American [or Sycamore or Buttonwood] (Platanus 
occidentalis), 493. 

Plum, Common Wild (Prunus americana), 183. 

Poison Ivy or Oak (Rhus toxicodendron), 153. 

Pokeweed or Scoke (Phytolacca decandra), 474. 

Poplar, Balsam [or Tacamahac] (Populus balsamifera), 
550. 

Poplar, Carolina [or Cottonwood] (Populus monolifera), 
551. 

Poplar, Lombardy (Populus dilatata), 552. 

Poppy, Garden (Papaver somniferum), 53. 

Poppy, Oriental (Papaver orleutale), 52. 

Prickly Ash (Xanthoxylum americanum), 109. 

Privet or Prim (Ligustrum vulgare), 426. 

Privet, Chinese (Ligustrum ibota), 427. 

Raspberry, Flowering (Rubus odoratus), 225. 

Raspberry, Wild Red (Rubus strigosus), 221. 



62 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Rhodora (Rhododendron rhodora), 403. 

Robin Plantain (Eiio;eron bellidifolius) , 359. 

Rocket, Common (Hesperis matronalis), 65. 

Rose (Rosa manetta), 235. 

Rosebay or Azalea (Rhododendron rhodora), 403. 

Rose, Dwarf Wild (Rosa lucida), 230. 

Rose, Harrison's Yellow Eglantine (Rosa eglanteria Intea), 

234. 
Rose, Japanese (Rosa rugosa), 233. 
Rose, Swamp (Rosa Carolina), 229. 
Rose, Sweet Brier (Rosa rnbiginosa), 231. 
Rowau Tree, or P^uropean Mountain Ash (P3TUS aucuparia), 

196. 
Rue Anemone (Anemonella thalictroides), 13. 
Sage, Scarlet (Salvia splendeus), 4 70. 
St. John's Wort, Great (Hypericum ascyrou), 88. 
St. John's Wort, Shrubby (Hypericum prolificum), 89. 
Sarsparilla, Common Wild (Aralia nudicaulis), 285. 
Sassafras (Sassafras officinale), 291. 
Savin or Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana), 580. 
Scoke or Pokeweed (Phytolacca decandra), 474. 
Shadbush (Amelanchier canadensis), 203. 
Sheepberry or Sweet Viburnum (Viburnum lentago), 317. 
Shield Fern (Aspidium spinulosum), 632. 
Shield Fern, Evergreen (Aspidium marginale), 034. 
Smoke Tree (Rhus cotinus), 155. 

Snakehead, Balmony, or Turtlehead (Chelone glabra), 457. 
Snake-root, Button (Liatris scariosa), 345. 
Snake- root. White [or Thoroughwort] (Eupatorum agera- 

toides), 342. 
Sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale), 375. 
Snowball (Viburnum opulus sterilis), 314. 
Snowberry (Symphoricarpos racemosus), 322. 
Solomon's Seal, Smaller (Polygonatum biflorum), 607. 
Spearmint (Mentha viridis), 467. 
Spicebush, Common [or Benjamin Bush] (Lindera benzoin), 

292. 
Spiraea, Golden (Physocarpus [or Spiraea] opulifolia aurea) , 

219. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 63 

Spiraea (Spiraea crataegifolia) , 210. 

Spiraea (Spiraea sorbifolia), 209. 

Spiraea, Van Houtte's (Spiraea van houttei), 211. 

Spruce, Black or Double (Picea nigra), 565. 

Spruce, Norway (Picea excelsa), 567. 

Spruce, White (Picea alba), 566. 

Steeple Bush or Hardback (Spiraea tomentosa), 208. 

Stonecrop, Mossy (Sedum acre), 264. 

Strawberry, Common (Fragaria vesca), 240. 

Sumach, Fragrant (Rhus canadensis), 154. 

Sumach, Poison (Rhus venenata), 152. 

Sumach, Smooth (Rhus glabra), 150. 

Sumach, Staghorn (Rhus typhina), 149. 

Sunflower, Graceful (Helianthus orgyalis), 367. 

Sunflower, Maximilian's (Helianthus maximilianus), 369. 

Sunflower, Prairie (Helianthus rigidus), 368. 

Sweet Alyssum (Alyssum maritimum), 63. 

Sweet Fern (Myrica asplenifolia), 505. 

Sweet Pea (Lathyrus odoratus), 173. 

Sweet Pepper Bush or White Alder (Clethra alnifolia), 407. 

Sweet-scented Shrub or Carolina Allspice (Calycanthus 

floridus), 247. 
Sweet William (Dianthus barbatus), 78. 
Sycamore, American Plane or Buttonwood (Platanus occi- 

dentalis), 493. 
Syringa, Large-flowered, Mock Orange (Philadelphus gran- 

diflora), 254. 
Syringa or Common Mock Orange (Philadelphus coronarius) , 

255. 
Syringa (Philadelphus gordonianus) , 256. 
Tacamahac or Balsam Poplar (Populus balsamif era) , 550. 
Tamarack, Hackmatack, or American Larch (Larix amer- 

icana), 572. 
Thorn, Cockspur (Crataegus crus galli), 200. 
Thorn, Scarlet-fruited (Crataegus coccinea), 199. 
Thoroughwort or White Snake-root (Eupatorium ageratoides) , 

342. 
Thoroughwort, Purple, or Joe-Pye Weed (Eupatorium pur- 
pure um), 341. 



64 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Tickseed (Coreopsis lanceolata), 373. 

Trillium or Purple Birthroot (Trillium erectum), 618. 

Trillium, Great White (Trillium granciiflorum), 619. 

Trumpet Flower (Tacoma radicaiis), 464. 

Turtlehead, Snakehead, or Balmon}' (Cheloue glabra), 457. 

Valerian, Greek (Polemonium reptans) 445. 

Verbena (Verbena chamsedrifolia), 465. 

Viburnum, Sweet [or Sheepberry] (Viburnum lentago), 317. 

Violet, Birdfoot (Viola pedata), 69. 

Violet, Common Blue (Viola palmata and cucuUata), 70. 

Violet, Dog (Viola canina), 73. 

Violet, Downy Yellow (Viola pubescens), 72. 

Violet, Lance-leaved (Viola lanceolata), 71. 

Virginia Creeper (Ampelopsis quinquefolia), 130. 

Virgin's Bower (Clematis virginiana), 1. 

Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginicum), 448. 

Water Lily (Nymplia^a odorata), 47. 

Walnut, Black (Juglans nigra), 496. 

Weigelia, Rose-flowered (Diervilla rosea), 333. 

White Alder or Sweet Pepper Bush (Clethra alnifolia), 407. 

White Hellebore, American [or Indian Poke] (Veratrum 
viride), 621. 

White Walnut or Butternut (Juglans cinerea), 495. 

Wild Balsam Apple or Wild Cucumber (Echinocystis lobata) , 
279. 

Wild Bean or Ground Nut (Apios tuberosa), 174. 

Wild Cucumber or Wild Balsam Apple (Echinocystis lobata) , 
279. 

Wild Indigo (Baptisia tinctoria), 160. 

Willow, Bay or Laurel-leaved (Salix pentandra), 540. 

Willow, Black (Salix nigra), 536. 

Willow, While (Salix alba), 538. 

Willow Herb, Great [or Fireweed] (Epilobium angusti- 
folium), 273. 

Winterberry (Ilex verticillata), 113. 

Wistaria, American (Wistaria frutescens), 170. 

Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), 266. 

Wood Betouy or Common Pedicularis (Pedicularis cana- 
densis), 460. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. Q5 

Wood Feru (Aspidium acrostichoides) , 633. 

Wood Lily or Wake Robin (Trillium graudiflorum) , 619. 

Yew, American [or Ground Hemlock] (Taxus canadensis), 

Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) , 358. 



INDEX OF BOTANICAL-COMMON NAMES. 



Abies balsamea (Common Balsam Fir), 571. 
Acer dasycarpum (Wliite or Silver Maple), 139. 
Acer penosylvanicum (Striped Mountain Maple or Moose- 
wood), 137. 
Acer platanoides (Norway Maple), 141. 
Acer rubrum (Swamp, Soft, or Ked Maple) , 140. 
Acer saccharinum (Rock or Sugar Maple), 138. 
Acer spicatum (Mountain Maple), 142. 
Aconitum uncinatum (Monkshood), 32. 
Adiantum pedatum (Maiden Hair) , 628. 
Aesculus glabra (Ohio Buckeye), 134. 
Aesculus parviflora (Dwarf Buckeye), 135. 
Ajuga reptans (Brown Bugle), 466. 
Alnus incana (Hoary or Speckled Alder), 516. 
Alyssum maritimum (Sweet Alyssum), 63. 
Amelanchier canadensis (Shadbush), 203. 
Amelanchier canadensis oblongifolia (Dwarf Juneberry) , 204. 
Ampelopsis quinqefolia (Virginia Creeper), 130. 
Amorpha fruticosa (False Indigo), 162. 
Anemone nemorosa (Anemone or Wood Anemone) , 7. 
Anemone patens nuttalina (Wild Pasque Flower), 5. 
Anemone pennsylvanica (Pennsylvania Anemone), 6. 
Anemonella thalictroides (Rue Anemone), 13. 
Apios tuberosa (Ground Nut or Wild Bean), 174. 
Apocynum androsseniifolium (Dogbane), 431. 
Aquilegia canadensis (Wild Columbine), 26. 
Aquilegia chrysantha (Golden-spurred Columbine), 28. 
Aquilegia vulgaris (Garden Columbine), 29. 
Aralia nudicaulis (Common Wild Sarsaparilla) , 285. 
Aralia quinquefolia (Ginseng), 286. 
Aralia spinosa (Hercules' Club or Angelica Tree), 283. 

67 



68 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GEOUNDS. 

Aristolochia sipho (Dutchman's Pipe or Pipe Vine), 289. 

Asclepias incarnata (Asclepias) 435. 

Asclepias phytolaccoicles (Poke Milkweed), 434. 

Aspidium marginale (Evergreen Siiield Fern) , 634. 

Aspidium acrostichoides (Wood Fern), 633. 

Aspidium spinulosum (Sliield Fern), 632. 

Aster nova-angligea (New England Aster), 354. 

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild Indigo), 160. 

Belamcanda chiuensis (Blackberry Lily), 594. 

Berberis tbunbergii (Thunberg's Barberry), 42. 

Berberis vulgaris (Common Barberry), 38. 

Berberis vulgaris purpurea (Purple Barberry), 39. 

Betula alba laciniata (European Cut-leaved Birch), 513. 

Betula lenta (Sweet, Black, or Cherry Birch) , 508. 

Betula lutea (Yellow or Gray Birch), 509. 

Betula papyrifera (Paper or Canoe Birch), 511. 

Betula populifolia (American White or Gray Birch) , 510. 

Boltonia latisquama (Boltonia), 353. 

Cacalia reniformis (Indian Plantain) , 376. 

Calendula officinalis (Marigold), 377. 

Callistephus hortensis (China Aster), 352. 

Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold), 24. 

Calycanthus floridus (Carolina Allspice or Sweet-scented 

Shrub), 247. 
Campanula rotundifolia (Common Harebell), 389. 
Caragana arborescens (Siberian Pea Tree), 167. 
Cardamine rhomboides (Cardamine or Spring Cress), 62. 
Carya alba (Shagbark or Shellbark Hickory), 497. 
Carya porcina (Broom or Brown Hickory or Pignut) , 498. 
Cassandra calyculata (Leatherleaf), 398. 
Castanea sativa americana (Common Chestnut), 532. 
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey Tea), 125. 
Celastrus scandens (Climbing Bittersweet) , 118. 
Celtis occidentalis (Nettle Tree or American Hackberry), 

485. 
Centaurea cyanus (Cornflower or Bachelor's Button), 378. 
Cephalanthus occidentalis (Button Bush), 334. 
Chelidonium majus (Celandine), 51. 
Chelone glabra (Balmony, Turtlehead, or Snakehead), 457. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 69 

Ciiionanthus virginica (Fringe Tree), 419. 

Clematis coccinea (Scarlet Clematis), 3. 

Clematis paniculata (Japanese Clematis), 2. 

Clematis virginiana (Virgin's Bower), 1. 

Clethra alnifolia (Sweet Pepper Bash or White Alder), 407. 

Convallaria majalis (Lily of the Valley), 606. 

Coptis trifolia (Three-leaved Goldthread), 25. 

Coreopsis lanceolata (Tickseed), 373. 

Coreopsis palmata (Coreopsis), 372. 

Coreopsis tinctoria (Calliopsis or Coreopsis), 374. 

Cornus circinata (Round-leaved Dogwood), 299. 

Cornus paniculata (Panicled Dogwood), 298. 

Cornus sauguinea alha (P^uropean Red Osier), 300. 

Cornus sericea (Kinuikinic), 297. 

Cornus stolonifera (Red Osier Dogwood), 301. 

Corylus americana (American Hazlenut), 518. 

Cosmos bipinnatus (Cosmos), 379. 

Crataegus coccinea (Scarlet-fruited Thorn), 199. 

Crataegus crus galli (Cockspur Thorn), 200. 

Cypripedium spectabile (Showy Lady's Slipper), 583. 

Delphinium formosum (Larkspur), 30. 

Delphinium ajacis (Annual Larkspur), 31. 

Dianthus barbatus (Sweet William), 78. 

Diauthus chinensis (China Pink), 80. 

Dianthus plumarius (Garden Pink), 77. 

Dicentra cucuUaria (Dutchman's Breeches), 57. 

Dicentra spectabile (Bleeding Heart) , 58. 

Dicksonia punctilobula (Dickson's Fern), 641. 

Diervilla trifida (Diervilla or Bush Honeysuckle), 332. 

Diervilla rosea (Weigelia), 333. 

Dirca palustris (Moosewood or Leatherwood), 294. 

Echlnocystis lobata (Wild Balsam Apple or Wild Cucumber), 

279. 
Elteagnus hortensis (Oleaster), 476. 
Elaeagnus longipes (Goumi), 477. 
Elodes campanulata (Marsh St. .John's Wort), 92. 
Epilobium angustifolium (Great Willow Herb or Fireweed) , 

273. 
Erigeron bellidifolius (Robin's Plantain), 359. 



70 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Erigeron philadelphicus (Erigeron or Common Fleabane), 
360. 

Erythronium americanum (Adder's Tongue or Yellow Dog- 
tooth Violet), 611. 

Euonymus atropurpurea (Burning Bush), 119. 

Eupatorium ageratoides (Thoroughwort or White Snake- 
root), 342. 

Eupatorium purpureum (Purple Thoroughwort or Joe-Pye 
Weed, 341. 

Fagus ferruginea (American Beech), 533. 

Fagus sylvatica purpurea (European Beech), 534. 

Fragaria vesca (Strawberry), 240. 

Fraxinus americana (White Ash), 416. 

Funkia lanceolata (Funkia or Blue Day Lily), 604. 

Fankia subcordata (White Day Lily), 603. 

Galium boreale (Galium or Infant's Breath), 335. 

Gaylussacia resinosa (Common or Black Huckleberry), 392. 

Gentiana andrewsii (Closed Gentian), 439. 

Geranium maculatum (Wild Cranesbill), 105. 

Geranium sanguineum (Blood Cranesbill), 106. 

Hamamelis virginiana (Witch Hazel), 266. 

Helenium autumnale (Sneezeweed), 375. 

Helianthus maximilianus (Maximilian's Sunflower), 369 

Heliauthus orgyalis (Graceful Sunflower), 367. 

Helianthus rigidus (Prairie Sunflower), 368. 

Heliopsis laevis (Oxeye), 364. 

Hemerocallis flava (Yellow Day Lily), 601, 

Hemerocallis fulva (Common Day Lily), 602. 

Hepatica acutiloba (Sharp-lobed Liver Leaf), 10. 

Hepatica triloba (Liver Leaf), 11. 

Heraclium lanatum (Cow Parsnip), 282. 

Hesperis matronalis (Rocket), 65. 

Heuchera americana (Common Alum Root), 249. 

Heuchera sanguinea (Crimson Alum Root), 250. 

Hibiscus moscheutos (Marsh Mallow), 97. 

Hamulus lupulus (Common Hop), 486. 

Humulus japonicus (Japanese Hop), 487. 

Hydrangea paniculata (Hardy Hydrangea), 251. 

Hydrangea paniculata gr. fl.^ (Large White-flowered Hardy 
Hydrangea), 252. 



PLANNING AND PLANT.ING HOME GROUNDS. 71 

Hydrophyllum virginicum (Waterleaf), 448. 

Hypericum ascyron (Great St. John's Wort), 88. 

Hypericum prolificum (Slirubby St. John's Wort), 89. 

Ilex verticillata (Winter Berry), 113. 

Inula helenium (Common Elecampane) , 362. 

Ipomea bona-nox (Moon Flower), 451. 

Ipomea purpurea (Morning Glory) , 4.50, 

Iris germanica (Flower-de-luce), 589. 

Iris laevigata (Japanese Iris), 590. 

Iris prismatica (Slender Blue Flag), 588. 

Iris pumila (Dwarf Garden Iris), 591. 

Iris versicolor (Larger Blue Flag), 587. 

Juglans cinerea (Butternut or White Walnut), 495. 

Juglans nigra (Black Walnut), 496. 

Juniperus communis (Common Juniper), 578. 

Juniperus sabina (Juniper), 579. 

Juniperus virginiana (Savin or Red Cedar), 580. 

Larix americana (Hackmatack, American Larch, or Tama- 
rack), 572. 

Larix europoea (European Larch), 573. 

Lathy rus latifolius (Perennial Pea), 172. 

Lathyrus odoratus (Sweet Pea), 173. 

Liatris pycnostachya (Kansas Gay Feather), 346. 

Liatris scariosa (Blazing Star), 345. 

Ligustrum ibota (Chinese Privet), 427. 

Ligustrum vulgare (Privet or Prim), 426. 

Lilium superbum (American Turk's Cap Lily), 612. 

Lilium canadense (Canada Lily), 613. 

Lilium tigrinum (Tiger Bulblet-bearing Lily), 614. 

Lindera benzoin (Common Spicebush or Benjamin Bush), 
292. 

Lobelia syphilitica (Lobelia), 385. 

Lonicera sempervirens (Trumpet Honeysuckle) , 324. 

Lonicera sullivantii (Sullivan's Honeysuckle), 327. 

Lonicera tatarica (Tartarian Honeysuckle), 326. 

Lonicera xylosteum (Fly Honeysuckle), 328. 

Lychnis chalcedonica (Scarlet London Pride), 83. 

Lycium vulgare (Matrimony Vine), 456. 

Lysimachia nummularia (Moneywort), 412. 



t 



72 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GKOUNDS. 

Lythrum salicaria (Spiked Loose-strife), 270. 

Malva alcea (Mallow), 95. 

Medeola virginica (Indian Cucumber), 617. 

Menispermum canadense (Moonseed), 37. 

Mentha viridis (Spearmint), 467. 

Monarda didyma (Bee Balm), 469. 

Monarda fistulosa (Wild Bergamot), 468. 

Myosotis palustris (Forget-me-not), 449. 

Myrica asplenifolia (Sweet Fern), 505. 

Nasturtium (Tropseolum majus). 107. 

Nasturtium armoracia (Horse. Radish) , 64. 

Negundo aceroides (Ash-leaved Maple or Box Elder), 144. 

Nelumbium lutea (Nelumbo), 49. 

Nemopanthes fascicularis (Mountain Holly), 116. 

Nymphsea odorata (Water Lily), 47. 

Oakesia sessilifoiia (Oakesia), 609. 

Onocloea struthiopteris (Ostrich Fern), 638. 

Osmunda cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern), 643. 

Osmunda claytoniana (Flowering Fern), 644. 

Ostrya virginica (Leverwood, Iron wood, or American Horn- 
beam), 520. 

Oxybaphus nyctagineus (Oxybaphus), 473. 

Pseonia albiflora (Chinese Peony), 36. 

Pseonia officinalis (Old Crimson Peony), 35. 

Papaver orientale (Oriental Poppy), 52. 

Papaver somniferum (Garden Poppy), 53. 

Pedicularis canadensis (Wood Betony or Common Pedicu- 
laris), 460. 

Pentstemon pubescens (Pentstemon), 458. 

Petunia nyctaginiflora (Petunia), 453. 

Phegopteris dryopteris (Beech Fern), 629. 

Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Beech Fern) , 630. 

Phegopteris polypodioides (Beech Fern), 631. 

Philadelphus coronarius (Syringa or Common Mock Orange) , 
255. 

Philadelphus grandiflorus (Largerflowe.red Syringa or Mock 
Orange), 254. 

Philadelphus gordonianus (Syringa), 256. 

Phlox drummondii (Annual Phlox), 444. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 73 

Phlox panicLilata (Phlox), 442. 

Phlox subulata (Moss Pink), 443. 

Physocarpus [or Spiraea] opulifolia aurea (Golden Spiraea) , 
219. 

Physocarpus [or Spiraea] opulifolia (Nine-bark), 218. 

Phytolacca decandra (Poke weed or Scoke), 474. 

Picea alba (White Spruce), 566. 

Picea excelsa (Norway Spruce), 567. 

Picea nigra (Double or Black Spruce), 565. 

Pinus banksiana (Jack, Northern Scrub, or Gray Pine), 561. 

Pinus resinosa (Red Pine or Norwa}- Pine), 562. 

Pinus rigida (Northern Pitch Pine), 560. 

Pinus strobus (White Pine), 559. 

Platanus occidenialis (American Plane, Sycamore, or But- 
ton wood), 493. 

Podophyllum peltatum (Mandrake), 45. 

Polemonium reptans (Greek Valerian), 445. 

Polygonatum biflorura (Smaller Solomon's Seal), 607. 

Populus alba (Silver-leaved or White Poplar [or Abele]), 
547. 

Populus balsamifera (Balsam Poplar or Tacamahac) , 550. 

Populus dilatata (Lombarby Poplar), 552. 

Populus grandidentata (Larger American Aspen), 549. 

Populus monolifera (Carolina Poplar or Cottonwood), 551. 

Populus tremuloides (American Aspen), 548. 

Potentilla fruticosa (Shrubby Cinquefoil), 228. 

Prunus americana (Wild Plum), 183. 

Prunus pumila (Dwarf Clierry), 185. 

Prunus serotina (Wild Black Cherry), 186. 

Ptelea trifoliata (Three-leaved Hop Tree), 110. 

Pyrus americana (Rowan Tree or American Mountain Ash), 
195. 

Pyrus arbutifolia (Chokeberry), 191. 

Pyrus arbutifolia melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry), 192. 

Pyrus aucuparia (European Mountain Ash or Rowan Tree) , 
196. 

Quercus alba (White Oak), 523. 

Quercus coccinea (Scarlet Oak), 527. 

Quercus macrocarpa (Bur Oak, Over-Cup, or Mossy Cup), 
524. 



74 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Qaercus rubra (Red Oak), 526. 

Ranunculus acris (Tall Buttercup), 18. 

Ranunculus acris, fl. pi. (Double Buttercup), 19. 

Reseda odorata (Mignonette), 68. 

Rhamnus cathartica (Buckthorn), 123. 

Rhododendron rhodora (Rhododendron) , 403. 

Riiododendron viscosum (White Swamp Honeysuckle), 402. 

Rhus canadensis (Fragrant Sumach), 154. 

Rhus cotinus (Smoke Tree), 155. 

Rhus glabra (Smooth Sumach), 150. 

Rhus typhina (Staghorn Sumach), 149. 

Rhus toxicodendron ( Poison Ivy or Oak), 153. 

Rhus venenata (Poison Sumach), 152. 

Ribes aureum (Buffalo, Missouri, Crandall, or Golden Cur- 
rant), 262. 

Ribes floridum (Wild Black Currant), 261. 

Ribes oxycanthoides (Gooseberry), 260. 

Ricinus communis (Castor-oil Bean), 479. 

Robinia pseudacacia (False Acacia or Locust), 164. 

Rosa Carolina (Swamp Rose), 229. 

Rosa eglanteria lutea (Harrison's Yellow Eglantine Rose), 
234. 

Rosa lucida (Dwarf Wild Rose), 230. 

Rosa»manetta (Rose), 235. 

Rosa rubiginosa (Sweetbrier Rose), 231. 

Rosa rugosa (Japanese Rose), 233. 

Rubus hispidus (Running Swamp Blackberry), 224. 

Rubus odoratus (Flowering Raspberry), 225. 

Rubus strigosus (Wild Red Raspberry), 221. 

Rudbeckia laciniata (Coneflower), 365. 

Salix alba (White Willow), 538. 

Salix nigra (Black Willow), 536. 

Salix pentandra (Bay Willow), 540. 

Salvia splendens (Scarlet Sage), 470. 

Sambucus canadensis (Common Elder), 309. 

Sambucus racemosa (Red-berried Elder), 310. 

Sassafras officinale (Sassafras), 291. 

Sedum acre (Mossy Stonecrop), 264. 

Silphium perfoliata (Cup Plant) , 363. 



PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 75 

Smilacina racemosa (False Spikenard), 608. 

Smilax rotundifolia (Common Green Brier), 599. 

Solanum dulcamara (Bittersweet), 452. 

Solidago canadensis (Golden Rod), 349. 

Spiraea aruncus (Goat's Beard), 213. 

Spiraea crata^gifolia (Spiraea), 210. 

Spiraea prunifolia (Bridal Wreath), 212. 

Spiraea salicifolia (Common Meadowsweet), 207. 

Spiraea sorbifolia (Spiraea), 209. 

Spiraea tomentosa (Steeple Bush or Hardback), 208. 

Spiraea van houttei (Van Houtte's Spiraea), 211. 

Staphylea trifolia (Bladder Nut), 145. 

Symphoricarpos racemosus (Snowberry), 322. 

Symphoricarpos vulgaris (Coral Berry or Indian Currant) , 
321. 

Syringa japonica (Tree Lilac), 423. 

Syringa josikoea (Josika Lilac), 422. 

Syringa persica (Persian Lilac), 421. 

Syringa vulgaris (Common Lilac), 420. 

Taxus canadensis (Ground Hemlock or American Yew), 582. 

Tecoma radicans (Trumpet Flower), 464. 

Thalictrum dioicum (Early Meadow Rue), 14. 

Thalictrum polygamum (Tall Meadow Rue), 15. 

Thuya occidentalis (American Arbor Vitae), 575. 

Tilia americana (Basswood), 101. 

Trillium erectum (Purple Birthroot or Trillium), 618. 

Trillium grandiflorum (Wood Lily or Wake Robin), 619. 

Tropaeolum majus (Nasturtium), 107. 

Tsuga canadensis (Hemlock), 570. 

Ulmus americana (White or American Elm) , 481. 

Ulmus fulva (Slippery Elm), 480. 

Uvularia grandiflora (Great Bellwort) , 610. 

Yaccinium corymbosum (Common Swamp Blueberry), 395. 

Vaccinium pennsylvanicum (Dwarf Early Blueberry), 394. 

Veratrum viride (Indian Poke or American White Helle- 
bore), 621. 

Verbena chamaedrifolia (Verbena), 465. 

Veronica virginica (Culver's Root), 459. 

Viburnum acerifolium (Dockmackie or Maple-leaved Arrow- 
wood), 315. 



76 PLANNING AND PLANTING HOME GROUNDS. 

Viburnum dentatum (Arrowwood) , 316. 

Viburnum lentago (Sheepberry or Sweet Viburnum), 317. 

Viburnum opulus (Cranberry Tree or High Busli Cranberry) , 

313. 
Viburnum opulus sterilis (Snowball), 314. 
Vinca minor (Common Periwinkle), 430. 
Viola canina (Dog Violet), 73. 
Viola lauceolata (Lance-leaved Violet), 71. 
Viola palmata (Blue Violet), 70. 
Viola pedata (Birdfoot Violet), 69. 
Viola pubescens (Downy Yellow Violet) , 72. 
Viola tricolor (Heart's-ease or Pansy), 74. 
Vitis labrusca (Wild Grape), 131. 
Wistaria frutescens (American Wistaria), 170. 
Xanthoxylum americanum (Prickly Ash), 109. 
Zinnia elegans (Zinnia), 358. 



\ 



